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- The airline industry was hit particularly hard after the 9/11 attacks on the World Trade Center in 2001. In 2002, Southwest Airlines, one of the healthier airline companies, decided to lengthen the useful lives of its aircraft from 22 to 27 years. Shortly thereafter, following Southwest’s lead, other airlines made the same move.Would it have changed earnings or cash flows, and if it did, would the change have been favorable or negative? Is it favorable or negativeQuestion Google is considering an advertising campaign that is expected to increase the sales of its Pixel phone by 20%. Suppose that currently Google sells 1,000,000 units at $500 per unit and the variable cost per unit is $300. If the cost of the advertising campaign is $50 million, will Google find it acceptable? Question An attractive feature of new cell phones that was introduce d in recent years is that you can switch carriers easily with the same device. How does this feature affect demand for wireless phone services? What are the likely effects on the demand that a particular US carrier is facing? Are there any elasticities that were likely to be affected?MelCo’s Xamoff The global pharmaceuticals giant, MelCo, has had great success with Xamoff, and over-thecounter medicine that reduces exam-related anxiety. A patent currently protects Xamoff from competition, although rumors persist that similar products are in development. Two years ago, MelCo sold 25 million units for a price of $10 for a package of ten. Last year it raised the price to $11, and sales fell to 22 million units. Finally, a financial analyst estimates the cost of production at $2 per package. (a) Estimate the elasticity of demand for this product at $10. Is this price too high or too low? (b) Estimate the elasticity of demand for this product at $11. Is this price too high or too low? (c) Based on your answers to (a) and (b), what can we say about MelCo’s profit-maximizing price?
- Differentiate MRP in a purely competitive market from MRP in an imperfectly competitive market through the use of the table.Rahim runs a fruit stand where he sells apples and mangoes. Each apple costs BDT 5.00 per piece and each mango costs BDT 8.00. The demand for apples and bananas are described by the following functions, where Pa, and Pm denotes the price of apples and bananas.Qa= 300-5Pa+ 3Pm Qm = 3Pa – 2.5Pm What prices of mangos and apples Rahim should set in order to maximize profit?An article in Trinidadian Gazette described a marketing campaign by a beverage company. The article states that “many senior managers felt uneasy about the extremely high prices of carbonated beverages. They also believed that with the sharp increases there would be a fall in demand which would again cause prices to fall further. What mistake did the senior managers make with their analysis of the situation? Illustrate your answer with a graph.
- King of HeartsThe King of Hearts, a neighborhood pub in a small midwestern town, is owned and operated by Mags Doherty. Since it opened in 2001, annual sales have increased from $200,000 to $500,000. She carries a wide selection of domestic and imported beers. She reports that 55% of her sales are derived from beer, 30 percent from mixed drinks, and the remainder from menu items such as sandwiches, French fries, and potato chips. Many customers have asked Mags to add pizza to her menu. She would have to spend $8,000 for an oven and $4000 for dishes. The ingredients in a typical pizza would cost $10.00 and the additional labor expense per pizza would be $0.80. The utilities involved in preparing each pizza would be $0.20. She would sell a pizza for $21.00.QuestionsWhat is her breakeven point in units and dollars? Show your calculations. Assume she sells 100 pizzas a day. How long will it take her to break even? Show your calculations.Starlink is a satellite-based internet service. It is set to be rolled out elsewhere on the continent, including the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Kenya and Tanzania, later this year”. What effect will this announcement have in the market for internet services in the DRC, Kenya anQuestion 2 You are the manager of medium-sized company that produces a particular kind of alcoholic beverage (BB Bitters) in Ghana. You purchased most ingredients such as ethanol on a competitive market. One morning, you picked up a copy of the Graphic Business, published by the Graphic Communications Group limited, and read an article indicating that the price of ethanol is expected to rise, forcing manufacturers to produce at a high unit cost. In addition, the article indicated that your competitors are expected to reduce the price per unit of Alomo Bitters. Based on this information, what can you expect to happen to the equilibrium price and equilibrium quantity of your product? Explain your answer with an appropriate diagram.
- Based on Thomas (1971). A toy company produces toys at two plants and sells them in three regions. Each plant can produce up to 4500 units. Each toy sells for $30, and the cost of producing and shipping a toy from a given plant to a region is given in the same file. The company can advertise locally and nationally. Each $1 spent on a local ad raises sales in a region by 0.3 units, whereas each $1 spent advertising nationally increases sales in each region by 0.2 units. a. Determine how the company can maximize its profit. b. If sales stimulated by advertising exhibits diminishing returns, how would you change your model?Jabari's HookNLadder is the only company selling fire engines in the fictional country of Alexandrina. Jabari initially produced four trucks, but then decided to increase production to five trucks. The following graph gives the demand curve faced by Jabari’s HookNLadder. As the graph shows, in order to sell the additional fire truck, Jabari must lower the price from $105,000 to $90,000 per truck. Notice that Jabari gains revenue from the sale of the additional engine, but at the same time, he loses revenue from the initial four engines because they are all sold at the lower price. Use the purple rectangle (diamond symbols) to shade the area representing the revenue lost from the initial four engines by selling at $90,000 rather than $105,000. Then use the green rectangle (triangle symbols) to shade the area representing the revenue gained from selling an additional engine at $90,000In 1896, Colgate dental cream was introduced in tubes similar to those we use now. Today, the Colgate-Palmolive Company’s brand of toothpaste is the best-selling toothpaste in the world (ahead of the Crest brand marketed by Procter & Gamble, which was introduced in 1955). While Colgate and Crest enjoy the lion’s share of the toothpaste market, if you view the oral care shelf at your local drugstore or supermarket, you will find over a hundred different varieties of toothpaste. Colgate alone sells over 40 different varieties that are marketed under names ranging from Shrek Bubble Fruit to Colgate Total Advanced Whitening. The high level of product differentiation in the toothpaste market stems from firms introducing new varieties in an attempt to boost their economic profits. In environments where makers of other brands (such as Crest) can easily enter profitable segments of the market, a profitable strategy is to attempt to quickly cover that segment (introducing Shrek Bubble Fruit…