On large, black lava flows in the deserts of the southwestern United States, populations of many types of animals are composed primarily of black individuals. By contrast, on small lava flows, populations often have a relatively high proportion of light-colored individuals. How can you explain this difference?
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On large, black lava flows in the deserts of the southwestern United States, populations of many types of animals are composed primarily of black individuals. By contrast, on small lava flows, populations often have a relatively high proportion of light-colored individuals. How can you explain this difference?
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- On large, black lava flows in the deserts of the southwestern United States, populations of many types of animals are composed primarily of dark individuals. By contrast, on small lava flows, populations often have a relatively high proportion of light-colored individuals. How can you explain this difference?Imagine a population of crabs living on a white sandy beach. The crabs ONLY occur in two color - red and blue, each controlled by color genes. Over time, will the crab population shift toward white? Why or why not?New Zealand snapper populations were found to be under the influence of genetic drift, suggesting overfishing was still an issue for them, despite the New Zealand fisheries estimating their total population size to be over 3 million. Which of the following is the best explanation for this observation? A) Pelagic fish, like the New Zealand snapper, often only have a few reproductive individuals, therefore their effective population size is actually much smaller than the total population size. B) Pelagic fish, like the New Zealand snapper, often have an equal sex ratio which affects the number of breeding individuals. C) Pelagic fish, like the New Zealand snapper, often have disassortative mating which affects the number of breeding individuals. D) Pelagic fish, like the New Zealand snapper, often have assortative mating which affects the number of breeding individuals.
- In one of the hypotheses that explain the extinction of the dinosaurs, the rapid climatic change produced an environmental situation with which these species could not cope. How important is the total amount of variation present in the population if the selective pressures suddenly change? Why?Is there evidence that random genetic drift in the inbred Swedish population had led to a decline in mean fitness that was sufficient to cause the extinction of the population? Here, I am asking about the Swedish population before the outbred snakes were introduced. What is the evidence for a decline in mean fitness, if you believe this happened?A population of fish in a river is suddenly separated when the river is cut in half. One side of the river tends to be warmer and lighter, and the other is colder and darker. What do you think will happen to the two populations of fish over time?
- A preserve contains the last population of the very rare desert pupfish which is only found in one pool. There are two color forms of this pupfish, one is silver and one is black and the color is inherited. The color forms are equally successful in surviving and having offspring over the long term but the frequency of the two forms varies greatly from generation to generation. Which evolutionary force is causing the fluctuation in frequency?Scenario: You are conducting a study on the influence of population density on body mass in leafy seadragons in oceans off the coast of Australia. You are investigating the biological hypothesis that population density influences body length, and the prediction that individual leafy seadragons in higher density populations will have smaller body length. You have randomly sampled 15 leafy seadragon individuals from each of two locations in Australia, one location has a naturally low population density and the other area has a naturally high population density. The descriptive statistics of leafy seadragon body length (in cm) are shown in the table. What value best represents the t-statistic? (only 2 decimal places are given, recall there could be very minor variation due to rounding.) Low population density High population density X̄ 16.3 15.3 s 2.1 1.7 n 15 15Which of the following is most likely to cause changes in wing color allele frequencies in Dumbledore beetles over a 10 year period? These beetles live on islands, are weak fliers, have small populations, and fitness does not vary with wing color.
- In a certain species of insect, a few individuals have been found to have flattened white disk on their bodies that protrude and interlock, resembling an orchid flower. This adaptation provides the insect with a better opportunity to capture its prey. Assuming there are no environmental changes, predict how the frequency of the trait for flattened white disks would be expected to change in a population over time. Explain your prediction.In populations of many organisms there is an inverse relationship between the density of individuals (number per area) and the average size of the individuals. True or False?As you know chimpanzees in neighboring groups in the forest show 4-5 times as much genetic difference as any two human populations. Is it reasonable to expect that trait that show genetic variation in humans, such as the structure of the hand and the brain, might show significant variation between chimpanzee populations? Why or why not?