onsider a crystal consisting of m + 1 lattice planes of spacing d, of total thickness t = md, being set for diffraction as depicted in Fig. 2. At the incidence angle ӨB, Braggs law is satisfied. Explain the phenomenon through which the angles Ө1 and Ө2 are the limiting angles at which the diffracted intensity falls to z

Q: If first-order reflection occurs in a crystal at Bragg angle 3.4°, at what Bragg angle does…

A: Given:- θ1= 3.4o for n=1 Bragg's law is mathematically given by,  2dsinθ=nλ where λ= wavelength of…

Q: A single slit is illuminated by light of wavelengths la and lb,chosen so that the first diffraction…

A:

Q: The sine of angle on the plane (111) of a cubic rock salt crystal (a = 338 pm ) corresponding to…

A: To determine,sine of the angle of given diffraction.given,plane(1,1,1)lattice parameter(a)=338…

Q: From an LED of a specific color, 3 different wavelengths are emitted. From this light source we are…

A: In Young's double-slit experiment has two slits from which coherent light passes through and forms a…

Q: For an aperture of width 1mm and using light of wavelength of 633 nm, estimate the distance from the…

A: Given data: Width of aperture is, d=1 mm=1×10-3 m. Wavelength of light is, λ=633 nm=633×10-9 m.

Q: Calculate the following values: NA, acceptance angle, Oc at the core-cladding interface, and A…

A:

Q: At a wavelength 692 nm, the ordinary and extra-ordinary refractive indices in a uniaxial crystal are…

A: ordinary refractive index(no)=1.558 ordinary extraordinary refractive index(ne)=1.611 λ=692…

Q: Consider the dispersion of white light incident on a prism. As it strikes the interface, light is…

A: White light is dispersed into component colors when incident on a prism The path of yellow light is…

Q: X rays of wavelength 0.12 nm are found to undergo secondorder reflection at a Bragg angle of 28°…

A:

Q: Monochromatic light is incident on the plane interface AB between two media of refractive indices u,…

A:

Q: for a laser Yesonator withaconcave planar Mirror and only one ightpleasure then the Value of P in…

A:

Q: A tungsten–halogen bulb emits a continuous spectrum ofultraviolet, visible, and infrared light in…

A: In diffraction grating, the condition for bright maximum is given as, Here, d, m, θ and λ represent…

Q: given a GRIN slab of refraction index n(y)=n_0(1-1/2 α^2 y^2) and length d, show that the elements…

A: Refraction is the deflection of light or wavelength when it passes obliquely through the interface…

Q: O Find the angle o locating the tirst minimum in the Fraunnoter aiffracHon pattern of a Single SIit…

A:

Q: an x-ray beam of wavelengths from 95.0 to 140 pm is incident at u = 45.0° to a family of reflecting…

A:

Q: the cavity is 30 cm, how many longitudinal mode can be excited The emission of

A: Given, Half-width , ∆λ=2×10-3nm Length of cavity, L=30cm Wavelength of He-Ne, λ=6.328A°=0.6328nm

Q: The second-order diffraction (n = 2) for a gold crystal is at an angle of 22.20° for X rays of 154…

A: order of diffraction (n) = 2 diffraction angle (θ) = 22.20oWavelength of x rays (λ) = 154 pm =…

Q: a glass clad fiber with core glass of refractive index 1.5 and the cadding is doped to give a…

A: fractional change is, f=n1-n2n1=1.5-n21.50.005=1.5-n21.51.5-n2=1.50.005n2=1.4925   critical…

Q: Compare the amplitude reflection coefficient for an air-water (nw = 4/3)interface with that of an…

A:

Q: What is the difference between Fresnel and Fraunhofer diffraction? Are they different physical…

A: The basic difference between the Fresnel diffraction and Fraunhofer diffraction is given below. (1)…

Q: The first-order diffraction maximum is observed at 13.9° for a crystal having an interplanar spacing…

A:

Q: Light of wavelength is incident on a slit of width d. Under what conditions is the ray approximation…

A: The wavelength is λ, and the width of the slit is d. Condition under which the ray approximation…

Q: f θb is Brewster’s angle for light reflected from the top ofan interface between two substances, and…

A: Consider the refractive index of the two substance are  and  respectively. When the light is…

Q: Monochromatic x-rays (λ = 0.166 nm) from a nickel target are incident on a potassium chloride (KCl)…

A:

Q: Derive the Fraunhofer pattern for an array of N slits and show that it gives the familiar result for…

A:

Q: Suppose that an ideal polarizer is rotated at an angular frequency w between a similar pair…

A:

Q: Prove that the angles of polarization (θp, θ'p) for internal and external reflection on the…

A: we have to prove θp+θ'p=90°

Q: order reflection from the (123) planes of a cubic crystal with the length of the side, a i 1. This…

A:

Q: A Gaussian beam is incident from air (n = 1) into a medium with a planar boundary and refractive…

A:

Q: Two coherent monochromatic light beams of intensities I and 41 are superposed. The maximum and…

A:

Q: A wide beam of light from a laser with a wavelength of 525.0 nm is incident on a long narrow opening…

A:

Q: For the same objective, find the ratio of the least separation between two points to be…

A: Wavelength λ = 5000 A = 5000 × 10-10 m 1/d = 2 sin β / 1.22λ dmin = 1.22 λ / 2 sin β

Q: Figure 3.22 shows an x-ray diffraction pattern for a-iron taken using a diffractometer and…

A:

Q: The diffraction phenomenon can be observed whenever the wavelength is comparable in magnitude to the…

A: For diffraction to occur, wavelength λ must be comparable to the size of slit opening. Therefore, λ…

Q: For a first order diffraction line obtained by irradiating an echellette grating containing 1320…

A:

Q: An intereference pattern is produced by light with a wavelength of 560 nm from a distant source…

A: Wavelength of light= 560nm Separation b/w slit=0.580mm   OBJECTIVE- To find the intensity at the…

Q: During laser vision correction, a brief burst of 193 nmultraviolet light is projected onto the…

A: (a) The heat the supplies to the tissue from the laser light is: As mentioned in the question the…

Q: Calculate the numerical aperture of an optical fibre whose core and cladding are made of materials…

A:

Q: Determine the expected diffraction angle for the first-order reflection from the (110) set of planes…

A:

Q: Prove that for a second-order maximum to exist in a Young’s double-slit experiment, the angle to the…

A:

Q: A fundamental Gaussian beam from a He-cd laser with a wavelength of 325 nm and a power of 1mW…

A: Given values, Wavelength of the Gaussian beam = 325nm Power = 1mW Distance on a target = 120m Radius…

Q: White light is sent through an interface of a 100% (w/v) glycerol solution (n = 1.474) and a 20%…

A: refractive index of glycerol solution (n1) = 1.474refractive index of sucrose solution (n2) = 1.364…

Q: Find the approximate solid angle for a source-detector arrangement whereby a 5-cm diameterdetector…

A: Given,

Q: Assume that Rayleigh’s criterion gives the limit of resolution of an astronaut’s eye looking down on…

A: a) The first minimum of the diffraction by a circular aperture or lens occurs an angle given by,…

Q: Solve the following, if the radio wave transmitted at an angle of incidence 68 degrees, with a…

A: Given:    Angle of incidence, θ = 68°    Wavelength, λ = 6 mm = 6 × 10-3 m    Frequency, f = cλ…

Interference of Light

The word "constructive" signifies addition in interference. Constructive interference occurs when the path of the waves that start from the slit differs by 1 entire wavelength or in the intervals of the same. Hence, the waves that are presented on the screen are in phase (crest to crest/trough to trough). The waves interfering constructively forms bright fringes on the screen.