Pareto optimality refers to the maximum efficient allocation of economic resources such that there is no way that one's wealth another person worse off: this statement is choices - irrelevant -conditionally true -always true -always false
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- Analyze how pareto efficiency is achieved from consumption activities in an economyWhich of the following statements is true? Select one or more options: a-If two different individuals have exactly the same budget constraint but different preferences (different appearance of the indifference curves) then they will have different equilibrium conditions for optimal choice b-The marginal substitution ratio is always equal to 1 for perfect substitutes c-If item X costs SEK 10, item Y costs SEK 20 and if the marginal benefit for X is 20 and the marginal benefit for Y is 30, then the individual should buy more of Y and less of X d-In the case of a corner solution for an individual, the marginal substitution ratio for two goods is not equal to the relative price of the two goodsModified True or False: State whether each statement is true or false. If the statement is false, briefly explain why it is so, and then restate it to make it true. k. Pareto efficiency or Pareto optimality is a condition where no change is possible that will make some members of society better off without making some other members of society worse off.
- If the initial distribution of two goods between two people is Pareto optimal, which of the following statements is TRUE? A. It is possible to reallocate the goods between the two people so as to increase the utility of both people. B. It is possible to reallocate the goods between the two people so as to increase the utility of one person without decreasing the utility of the other. C. It is possible to reallocate the goods between the two people so as to increase the utility of one person, but only at the expense of the other person. D. It is impossible to reallocate the goods between the two people so as to increase either person's utility. E. None of the aboveWhat does the Pareto efficiency criterion state? A. An allocation of resources is efficient if it maximizes government revenue B. An allocation of resources is efficient if it maximizes producer surplus C. An allocation of resources is efficient if it is impossible to make someone better off without making someone else worse off D. An allocation of resources is efficient if it allocates resources equally among all individualsPoints on a utility possibility curve represent a given distribution of well-being between two persons an efficient allocation of resources the maximum well-being of any one person, given the resources available and the well-being of another person all of the above
- Which of the following statements is true? Select one or more options: -If two different individuals have exactly the same budget constraint but different preferences (different appearance of the indifference curves) then they will have different equilibrium conditions for optimal choice -The marginal substitution ratio is always equal to 1 for perfect substitutes -If item X costs SEK 10, item Y costs SEK 20 and if the marginal benefit for X is 20 and the marginal benefit for Y is 30, then the individual should buy more of Y and less of X -In the case of a corner solution for an individual, the marginal substitution ratio for two goods is not equal to the relative price of the two goodsConsider a two-city (A and B) regional economy where each city operates on the negatively sloped portion of its utility curve. In the initial equilibrium, the two cities are identical. Then air pollution (lead emissions) in city B decreases the brain power and productivity of workers in the city by 20 percent. Illustrate the effects of lead emissions on the regional equilibrium, indicating the direction of changes in city size (the number of workers) and regional utility.If an allocation is Pareto optimal and if indifference curves between the two goods have no kinks, then (Select all that applies) Group of answer choices a. two consumers who consume both goods must have the same MRS between them, but consumers may consume the goods in different ratios. b. two consumers with the same income who consume both goods must have the same MRS, but if their incomes differ, their MRSs may differ. c. any two consumers who consume both goods must consume them in the same ratio. d. for any two consumers who consume both goods, neither will prefer the other consumer’s bundle to his own. e. all consumers receive the bundle that they prefer to any other bundle the economy could produce for them.
- Opportunity cost is the expected benefit from: A) All possible choices sacrificed and is objectively measured. B) An individuals' second best choice and is subjectively measured. C) An individual's second best choice and is objectively measured. D) All possible choices sacrificed and is subjectively measured.The objective of consumption in Islamic economics is to spend money that may maximize a person’s utility. to manage the resources and behave in a way that pleases Allah. to utilize nature, the universe and other creations. to maximize well-being by seeking the pleasure of Allah.Suppose a family (with 1 child) earns $50,000 per year and there is no publicly provided education. Assume the price of other goods is $2,000 and the price for education/ year is $5,000. Show how a school voucher redeemable for $20,000 worth of education changes the family's budget constraint. What happens to the amount of education the family purchases for the child?
