Part A- Applying Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures A 15-L cylinder contains 4.0 g of hydrogen and 28 g of nitrogen. If the temperature is 27°C what is the total pressure of the mixtum O 0.44 atm O 1.6 atm O 3.3 atm O 4.9 atm O 9.8 atm Submit Request Answer Provide Feedback P Type here to search amazon B. 近

Part A- Applying Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures A 15-L cylinder contains 4.0 g of hydrogen and 28 g of nitrogen. If the temperature is 27°C what is the total pressure of the mixtum O 0.44 atm O 1.6 atm O 3.3 atm O 4.9 atm O 9.8 atm Submit Request Answer Provide Feedback P Type here to search amazon B. 近

Chemistry: The Molecular Science

5th Edition

ISBN:9781285199047

Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski

Publisher:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski

Chapter8: Properties Of Gases

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 6QRT

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93 The complete combustion of octane can be used as a model for the burning of gasoline: 2C8H18+25O216CO2+18H2O Assuming that this equation provides a reasonable model of the actual combustion process, what volume of air at 1.0 atm and 25°C must be taken into an engine to burn 1 gallon of gasoline? (The partial pressure of oxygen in air is 0.21 atm and the density of liquid octane is 0.70 g/mL.)
In a typical automobile engine, a gasoline vapor-air mixture is compressed and ignited in the cylinders of the engine. This results in a combustion reaction that produces mainly carbon dioxide and water vapor. For simplicity, assume that the fuel is C8H18 and has a density of 0.760 g/mL. (a) Calculate the partial pressures of N2 and 02 in the air before it goes into the cylinder; assume the atmospheric pressure is 734 mmHg. (b) Consider the case where the air, without any fuel added, is compressed in the cylinder to seven times atmospheric pressure, the compression ratio of many modem automobile engines. Calculate the partial pressures of N2 and O2 at this pressure. (c) Now consider the case where 0.050 mL gasoline is added to the air in the cylinder just before compression and completely vaporized. Assume that the volume of the cylinder is 485 mL and the temperature is 150C. Calculate the partial pressure of the gasoline vapor. (d) Calculate the amount (mol) of oxygen required to bum the gasoline in part (c) completely to CO2 and H2O. (e) The combustion reaction in the cylinder creates temperatures in excess of 1200K. Due to the high temperature, some of the nitrogen and oxygen in the air reacts to form nitrogen monoxide. If 10% of the nitrogen is converted to NO, calculate the mass (g) of NO produced by this combustion. (f) Hot-rod cars use another oxide of nitrogen, dinitrogen monoxide, to create an extra burst in power. When such a power boost is needed, dinitrogen monoxide gas is injected into the cylinders where it reacts with oxygen to form NO. Calculate the mass of dinitrogen monoxide that would have to be injected to form the same quantity of NO as produced in part (e). Assume that sufficient oxygen is present to do so.
A cylinder of compressed gas is labeled Composition (mole %): 4.5% H2S, 3.0% CO2, balance N2. The pressure gauge attached to the cylinder reads 46 atm. Calculate the partial pressure of each gas, in atmospheres, in the cylinder.
A 3.00-L flask containing 2.0 mol of O2 and 1.0 mol of N2 is in a room that is at 22.0C. a How much (what fraction) of the total pressure in the flask is due to the N2? b The flask is cooled and the pressure drops. What happens, if anything, to the mole fraction of the O2 at the lower temperature? c L of liquid water is introduced into the flask containing both gases. The pressure is then measured about 45 minutes later. Would you expect the measured pressure to be higher or lower? d Given the information in this problem and the conditions in part c, would it be possible to calculate the pressure in the flask after the introduction of the water? If it is not possible with the given information, what further information would you need to accomplish this task?
A 1.000-g sample of an unknown gas at 0C gives the following data: P(atm) V (L) 0.2500 3.1908 0.5000 1.5928 0.7500 1.0601 1.0000 0.7930 Use these data to calculate the value of the molar mass at each of the given pressures from the ideal gas law (we will call this the apparent molar mass at this pressure). Plot the apparent molar masses against pressure and extrapolate to find the molar mass at zero pressure. Because the ideal gas law is most accurate at low pressures, this extrapolation will give an accurate value for the molar mass. What is the accurate molar mass?
Calculate the molar volume of ethane at 1.00 atm and 0C and at 10.0 atm and 0C, using the van der Waals equation. The van der Waals constants are given in Table 5.7. To simplify, note that the term n2a/V2 is small compared with P. Hence, it may be approximated with negligible error by substituting nRT/P from the ideal gas law for V in this term. Then the van der Waals equation can be solved for the volume. Compare the results with the values predicted by the ideal gas law.