Photoreceptors in the retina have special channels that are open to Na+ in the dark.When light hits photoreceptors, these special channels close. What can you còncludefrom this?None of the aboveO Photoreceptors hyperpolarize to lightPhotoreceptors depolarize to lightPhotoreceptor voltage does not change in the presence of light

Photoreceptors, are specelized cells for the detection of light. It consists of two types of cells…

Photoreceptors in the retina have special channels that are open to Na+ in the darR. When light hits photoreceptors, these special channels close. What can you cònclude from this? O None of the above O Photoreceptors hyperpolarize to light Photoreceptors depolarize to light Photoreceptor voltage does not change in the presence of light

Photoreceptors in the retina have special channels that are open to Na+ in the darR. When light hits photoreceptors, these special channels close. What can you cònclude from this? O None of the above O Photoreceptors hyperpolarize to light Photoreceptors depolarize to light Photoreceptor voltage does not change in the presence of light

Biology (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781337392938

Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Publisher:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Chapter43: Sensory Systems

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 5TYU

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Similar questions

For vertebrate photoreception, define: (a) photopigment; (b) photoreceptor; and (c) receptive field.
Certain cells in the retina respond differently to the direction in which objects move. To understand how cells in the retina respond to different visual stimuli, the activity of a retinal ganglion cell was measured while a square moved across its visual field. Which statement best explains the increases in voltage during the periodic spikes? A. Depolarization of a neuron past a threshold voltage causes sodium channels to close. B. Depolarization of a neuron past a threshold voltage causes sodium channels to open. C. Depolarization of a neuron past a threshold voltage causes potassium channels to close. D. Depolarization of a neuron past a threshold voltage causes potassium channels to open.
When light strikes a photoreceptor, it reduces the amount of glutamate that it releases. This releases ___ cells from inhibition, allowing them to release more neurotransmitters and excite ___ cells. This produces action potentials that travel down the optic nerve. A) horizontal; amacrine B) amacrine; horizontal C) ganglion; bipolar D) bipolar; ganglion
The retina.____ are the only light sensitive cells used for vision and the________ are the only output cells to the brain in the A. rod and cone photoreceptors ganglion cells B. rod photoreceptors; bipolar cells C. cone photoreceptors; ganglion cells D. rod and cone photoreceptors; bipolar cells E. rod photoreceptors; horizontal cells ___ are the only output cells to the brain in the
In the complete absence of light, a rod will become strongly depolarized and increase its release of neurotransmitters become strongly hyperpolarized and decrease its release of neurotransmitters become strongly hyperpolarized and increase its release of neurotransmitters become strongly depolarized and decrease its release of neurotransmitters None of these
The receptive field of a P cell is than the receptive field of an ipRGC. Fill in the blank A. Larger B. Smaller
A scientist has dissected out a small section of the retina and is able to directly record the action potential firing rate in a single ganglion cell. Assume there is a on-center off-surround bipolar cell connected to an on-center off-surround ganglion cell. When applying ‘Stimulus 1’ the scientist records a moderate action potential rate. When applying ‘Stimulus 2’ the rate of action potentials increases substantially. In the context of this experiment no illumination is an option as a 'Stimulus'. ‘Stimulus 2’ would result in what response in the bipolar cell (the one connected to the ganglion cell the scientist is measuring)? A. A large depolarization of the bipolar cell membrane B. The bipolar cell membrane would remain at the resting membrane potential C. A large hyperpolarization of the bipolar cell membrane D. A small hyperpolarization of the bipolar cell membrane E. A small depolarization of the bipolar cell membrane
Given these events:(1) Bipolar cells depolarize.(2) Glutamate release from presynaptic terminals of photoreceptorcells decreases.(3) Light strikes photoreceptor cells.(4) Photoreceptor cells are depolarized.(5) Photoreceptor cells are hyperpolarized.Choose the arrangement that lists the correct order of events, startingwith the photoreceptor cells in the resting, nonactivated state.a. 1,2,3,4,5 b. 2,4,3,5,1 c. 3,4,2,5,1 d. 4,3,5,2,1 e. 5,3,4,1,2
Events in Visual Perception Potassium channels open. Potassium ions move out of the neuron. Some sodium channels open in the neuronal membrane of the dendrite. All ion channels close and the Na+/K+ exchange pump starts working. Some sodium ions diffuse into the neuron membrane of the dendrite. Lights hit the retina. The threshold level is reached at the neuronal membrane of the dendrite. The remaining sodium channels open. Sodium ions move into the neuron. List, in order, the events in visual perception that must occur for a person to see an object:
1. This question asks you about a typical neuron and NOT photoreceptors. As stimulus intensity is increased, recording from a single neuron USUALLY shows the amplitude of the action potential increases. the amplitude of the action potential decreases. the amplitude of the action potential may increase or decrease, depending on the stimulus. the rate of firing of the nerve fiber increases. 2. An inhibitory transmitter _______ the firing rate of a neuron and an excitatory transmitter ________ the firing rate. increases; decreases increases; increases decreases; decreases decreases; increases
When light hits the center of an ON-center receptive field, which of the following processes occur: a. Photoreceptors release more glutamate; bipolar cells release more glutamate; retinal ganglion cells decrease rate of APs. b. Photoreceptors release less glutamate; bipolar cells release less glutamate; retinal ganglion cells decrease rate of APs. c. Photoreceptors release less glutamate; bipolar cells release more glutamate; retinal ganglion cells increase rate of APs. d. Photoreceptors release more glutamate; bipolar cells release more glutamate; ganglion cells increase rate of APs.
Nociceptors are pain receptors that respond to noxious stimuli, and send AP's to both the spinal cord and the brain. What type of stimuli activate nociceptor neurons?