Please answer, not much defination needed . (1) Parathion causes a very simple inactivation of an enzyme which is involved in communication between nerves. Which of the following is not true about Parathion effects? (a) It inactivates acetylcholinesterase (B)Can result in the shutdown of the autonomic nervous system (c) Results in the disturbance of neurotransmission that are conducted via only he parasympathetic or the cholinergic nervous system. (d) The parathion poison can prevent the breakdown of neurotransmitter thereby causing the continuous nervous transmission (e) The actions of parathion can lead to paralysis of the skeletal muscles. (2) Irreversible effects of toxin or poison can result in the following except (a) Teratogen - causes birth defects (b) Hypersensitivity –exaggerated response to some chemical agents (c) Carcinogen - causes cancer (d) Mutagen - causes chromosome damage (e) Reproductive hazard - damage to reproductive system (3) The dose-response relationship is a fundamental and essential concept in toxicology. Which of the following is the most important parameter in the determination of the degree of toxicity of a poison? (a) The shape of the dose response curve which correlates exposures and the spectrum of induced effects Generally, the higher the dose, the more severe the response. (b) Knowledge of the dose-response relationship helps to determine the no observable adverse effect level (NOAEL) the safe dose. (c) establishes causality that the chemical has in fact induced the observed effects concentration effects relationship. (d) establishes the lowest dose where an induced effect occurs - the threshold effect (e) determines the rate at which injury builds up - the slope for the dose response

Principles Of Pharmacology Med Assist

6th Edition

ISBN:9781337512442

Author:RICE

Publisher:RICE

Chapter21: Medications Used For Musculoskeletal System Disorders

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 25RQ

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Please answer, not much defination needed . (1) Parathion causes a very simple inactivation of an enzyme which is involved in communication between nerves. Which of the following is not true about Parathion effects? (a) It inactivates acetylcholinesterase (B)Can result in the shutdown of the autonomic nervous system (c) Results in the disturbance of neurotransmission that are conducted via only he parasympathetic or the cholinergic nervous system. (d) The parathion poison can prevent the breakdown of neurotransmitter thereby causing the continuous nervous transmission (e) The actions of parathion can lead to paralysis of the skeletal muscles. (2) Irreversible effects of toxin or poison can result in the following except (a) Teratogen - causes birth defects (b) Hypersensitivity –exaggerated response to some chemical agents (c) Carcinogen - causes cancer (d) Mutagen - causes chromosome damage (e) Reproductive hazard - damage to reproductive system (3) The dose-response relationship is a fundamental and essential concept in toxicology. Which of the following is the most important parameter in the determination of the degree of toxicity of a poison? (a) The shape of the dose response curve which correlates exposures and the spectrum of induced effects Generally, the higher the dose, the more severe the response. (b) Knowledge of the dose-response relationship helps to determine the no observable adverse effect level (NOAEL) the safe dose. (c) establishes causality that the chemical has in fact induced the observed effects concentration effects relationship. (d) establishes the lowest dose where an induced effect occurs - the threshold effect (e) determines the rate at which injury builds up - the slope for the dose response

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