Please answer this Can you give examples to explain Addition reactions-general characteristics Benzene rings do not reactthi like alkenes Remember, the electrophile adds to the less substituted carbon, and the nucleophile to the more substituted carbon. Markovnikov’s Rule: The addition of a hydrogen halide to an alkene favors the product in which the proton adds to the alkene carbon that is initially bonded to the greater number of hydrogen atoms. Carbocation rearrangements- Methyl groups and hydride groups can migrate to make a more stable carbocation. A primary carbocation is less stable than a secondary carbocation, which is less stable than a tertiary carbocation. Addition of A Strong Bronsted Acid Hydrohalogenation HX addition to an alkene. Goes through a carbocation intermediate. The electrophile (H+) adds to the less substituted carbon, and the carbocation forms on the more substituted carbon. The nucleophile (X-) then adds to the more substituted carbocation. Rearrangements are possible. This reaction follows Markovnikov’s rule. KNOW THIS MECHANISM *I also went over cationic polymerization Addition of a weak acid Acid-catalyzed hydration: H2SO4/H2O. Goes through a carbocation intermediate so rearrangements are possible. The electrophile (H+) adds to the least substituted carbon, and water acts as a nucleophile adding to the carbocation on the more substituted carbon. The end product is an alcohol. This reaction follows Markovnikov’s rule.-Know this mechanism. Remember the nucleophile can also be an alcohol and that will result in the production of an ether. Addition of a Strong Bronsted Acid to an Alkyne Hydrohalogenation of Alkynes-forms geminal dialkyl halides

Organic Chemistry: A Guided Inquiry

2nd Edition

ISBN:9780618974122

Author:Andrei Straumanis

Publisher:Andrei Straumanis

Chapter13: Substitution

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 25E

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Can you give examples to explain

Addition reactions-general characteristics
Benzene rings do not reactthi
like alkenes
Remember, the electrophile adds to the less substituted carbon, and the nucleophile to the more substituted carbon.
Markovnikov’s Rule: The addition of a hydrogen halide to an alkene favors the product in which the proton adds to the alkene carbon that is initially bonded to the greater number of hydrogen atoms.
Carbocation rearrangements- Methyl groups and hydride groups can migrate to make a more stable carbocation. A primary carbocation is less stable than a secondary carbocation, which is less stable than a tertiary carbocation.

Addition of A Strong Bronsted Acid

Hydrohalogenation HX addition to an alkene. Goes through a carbocation intermediate. The electrophile (H+) adds to the less substituted carbon, and the carbocation forms on the more substituted carbon. The nucleophile (X-) then adds to the more substituted carbocation. Rearrangements are possible. This reaction follows Markovnikov’s rule. KNOW THIS MECHANISM
*I also went over cationic polymerization

Addition of a weak acid

Acid-catalyzed hydration: H2SO4/H2O. Goes through a carbocation intermediate so rearrangements are possible. The electrophile (H+) adds to the least substituted carbon, and water acts as a nucleophile adding to the carbocation on the more substituted carbon. The end product is an alcohol. This reaction follows Markovnikov’s rule.-Know this mechanism.
Remember the nucleophile can also be an alcohol and that will result in the production of an ether.

Addition of a Strong Bronsted Acid to an Alkyne

Hydrohalogenation of Alkynes-forms geminal dialkyl halides

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