Problem 3 Consider an economy with two goods only. Use Slutsky decomposition for good 2 (Ar₂ = Ar + Ax₂) to prove the following: (a) If the price of good 1 decreases and good 2 is inferior, then good 2 is a gross substitute for good 1. (b) If the price of good 1 decreases and good 2 is normal, then under what condition is good 2 still a gross substitute for good 1? Under what condition is good 2 a gross complement for good 1?
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- Consider an economy with two goods only. Use Slutsky decomposition for good 2 (Δx2 = Δx2(s) + Δx2(I) ) to prove that if the price of good 1 decreases and good 2 is normal, then under what condition is good 2 still a gross substitute for good 1? Under what condition is good 2 a gross complement for good 1?Course: Microeconomic - Consumer Theory Explain in detail and model theoretically (be clear about it) establishing the assumptions considered necessary.Considering an individual who will choose 2 goods (X1 and X2) perfect substitutes:(a) How the individual analyzes his preferences and economic constraints (include the respective slopes in the analysis).b) How the individual constructs his demand function. Derive graphically and analyze the individual's demand for a rise in the price of good X1.Attach in each case the respective graphs.Given the significant increases in the cost of living in Canada (and elsewhere), Governments (both Federal and Provincial) have been under pressure to provide financial support to at last individuals or households. This financial support can be in the form of direct payments (income) to individuals or subsidizing the purchase of certain goods (i.e. the government pays a portion of the purchase price). To keep things simple, let’s only consider our standard example in which the individual consumes food and clothing; and food is the good whose purchase is to be subsidized. a) Evaluate the impact of both of these options on the utility of the individuals receiving support. (40%) b) Suppose the government only subsidizes the purchase of the first 5 units of food, how does this change your answer to a)? (40%) c) If the government ends up spending the same amount of total subsidies in either case (income support or price subsidy), which option will have a more substantial effect on the…
- Intermediate Microeconomics Problem 1: Suppose two goods are perfect complements and the price of good x increases. (a) Draw indifference curves and budget lines to show the initial and new equilibrium. (12) (b) What is the total effect resulting from the price increase of good x?(c) What is the income effect resulting from the price increase of good x?(d) What is the substitution effect resulting from the price increase of x?(e) Provide an intuitive explanation for your answers in (b)-(d).(f) Sketch the consumer’s Marshallian demand curve for good x. Label clearly the pointsthat you used in deriving your graph and label this curve Dm.Please answer all the questions. Thanks in Advance.Zara perceives tea (vertical axis) and coffee (horizontal axis) as perfect substitutes,where she is always willing to exchange 2 cups of tea with 1 cup of coffee. Assume thather income is $200 and the prices of tea and coffee are $4 and $5 per unit respectively.Clearly label your graph, showing the quantities of tea and coffee consumed.Question3 a) Suppose a household is faced with the choice between consuming gasoline (G) and all other goods (OG). Today the household consumes 800 liter of gasoline a year.Suppose then that a gasoline price increase is perfectly compensated by a wage increase. If the family followed the utility maximization model, how would this affect their consumption of gasoline? Explain by using a figure. b) Explain by using an example why an MRS (Marginal Rate of Substitution) between two goods must equal the ratio of the price of the goods for the consumer to achieve maximum satisfaction?
- (a) Draw a figure showing the separation of the substitution effect from the income effect (as defined by Hick) for a price increase. (b) Draw another figure showing the derivation of two demand curves for a price increase, one that keeps money income constant and the other that keeps real income constant as defined by Hicks (c) Which of the two demand curves you derived in part (b) is more price elastic for the price increase? Why? Would your answer change if the good were inferior? (d) Draw another figure showing why the demand curve that keeps money income is not really a demand curve at all.Consider an economy with 100 identical households and 100identical firms. Each household is endowed with one unit of time. Half of the households are endowed with equal shares of firm, while the rest areendowed with no firm shares. A householdís utility is u (x; r) = 2 ln(x*r^2) ,where x is consumption of goods, r = 1- l is leisure time and l is thehouseholdís labour supply. Each firm hires households to produce goodsaccording to technology y = L^1/2, where L denotes the labour input. Goodsprice p, wage rate w, and dividend income are all taken as given. Normalizew = 1. Do the following: (a) Derive the Marshallian demands, x (p, D) andr (p,D), where D is dividend. (b) Derive the firmís input demand functionL (p) and profit function pi(p). (c) List all the market-clearing conditions.(d) Calculate the equilibrium price pQuestion 6: Transitivity There is only one consumption good in the world (cities). Karen is moving – suppose that her preferencesover cities are described as follows: she strictly prefers city A to city B if either (1) the average rent in cityA is cheaper than in city B, or (2) the average rent is the same in both cities, and there are more goodrestaurants in city A than in city B. Are these preferences transitive? Justify your answer.
- suppose the government of a desert community wants to punish excessive water useage, where "excessive" is defined as any usage greater than 100 gallons/week. to do this, the government paces a flat $100 income tax on anyone who consumes more than 100 gallons/week of water in any given week (so this tax could theoretically be levied 52 times per year). people who use less than 100 gallons of water each week will not face this $100 special tax. For these problems, consider the decisions between water consumption, X(sub)w and consumption of a composite good, X(sub)c, where P(sub)w =$2/gallon and the composite good's price is numeraire. suppose michael lives in this desert community and has a weekly income of $1000. 1. graphing michels budget contraint over (X(sub)w , X(sub)c) bundles, what is the slope of his budget conraint for bundles containing MORE than 100 gallons of water? 2. What is the slope of michaels budget constraint at the point (X(sub)w, X(sub)c)=(100,750)? 3. what is the…a. What is an Inferior good? Sketch an Engel curve for inferior goods and clearly label the two axes. b. Briefly explain why demand may increase as price increases? (Hint: think about substitution and income effects.) c. What is the relationship between Inferior and Giffen goods? Use a Slutsky equation to justify your statement. d. Some people may work less when their wage rates go up. Why is it the case? (Hint: think about substitution effect and endowment income effect).The utility function of a certain consumer is U =(x1,x2)= x11/3 x22/3 , x 1and x 2 is the consumption of two kinds of goods, and the consumer's income is 100. The current prices of the two kinds of goods are P 1 =1 and P 2=2 respectively, ask: 1. If the price of the first commodity increases from 1 to 2, and other factors remain unchanged, what is the total effect of the price increase on the consumption of the first commodity? According to the Slutsky decomposition principle, what are the income effect and substitution effect? 2. Calculate the amount of income compensation that changes the price of the first commodity from 1 to 2, keeping the original effect unchanged