Proto-oncogenes normally suppress tumor growth are under expressed in cancer cells increase apoptosis O stimulate normal cell growth and division O are produced by somatic mutations induced by carcinogenic substances

Q: 14) this is the serine protein kinase that when activated in a MPF complex that results in…

A: The cell cycle consists of the G1 phase, S phase, G2 phase, and mitotic phase, and is regulated by…

Q: Cyclin D/cdk 4,6 inhibits retinoblastoma protein (Rb) binding to...., which ultimately affects gene…

A: Mutation in RB1 gene causes retinoblastoma. Due to this mutation cell is unable to control growth.…

Q: Distinguish between proto-oncogenes and tumorsuppressor genes.

A: The proto-oncogenes are those genes, which promote cell cycle and inhibit apoptosis of the cells.…

Q: Suppose a gain-of-function mutation happens in an oncogene. Which of the following changes is likely…

A: Cancer causing gene is known as oncogenes and its an abnormal active gene which promotes growth of…

Q: 25 of 41 The products of tumor suppressor genes cell division; the products of oncogenes cell…

A: Tumour Suppressor Gene:  A tumour suppressor gene is a type of gene that helps control cell…

Q: Oncogenes show a of mutation, while tumor suppressor genes show a of mutations. is the process by…

A: Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread…

Q: 24 of 41 The products of tumor suppressor genes cell division; the products of oncogenes cell…

A: Normal genes that slow cell division, fix DNA errors, or warn cells when to die are known as tumour…

Q: A gene that normally produces a protein that tells a cell to stop gets mutated. Now, the cells won't…

A: A gene mutation occurs when one or more genes are altered. Some mutations can cause genetic diseases…

Q: Match the gene name with the gene description. rb BRCA-1 A. tumor suppressor - p53 B. proto-oncogene…

A: Cancer is a condition caused by mutation in the genome that results in infinite cell multiplication…

Q: A mutated gene that codes for an altered version of Cdk that is active in the absence of cyclin is…

A: Cyclins drive the occasions of the phone cycle by collaborating with a group of chemicals called the…

Q: ___________ are changes to the order of nucleotides in a segment of DNA that codes for a protein. a.…

A: Nucleotide is the basic building block of nucleic acids. RNA and DNA are long chains of nucleotides.…

Q: HIV is not an oncogenic virus, but it does allow for other viruses to affect oncogenes.  Describe a…

A: HIV is human immunodeficiency virus which makes the immune system weak and destroys the body's…

Q: A cell is cancerous. You might find an abnormality ina. a proto-oncogene.b. a tumor suppressor…

A: Cancer is an uncontrol growth of a cell .cancer was developed when this is an abnormal growth of a…

Q: A mutant gene that promotes cancer when it is overexpressed iscalleda. a tumor-suppressor gene.b. an…

A: Oncogenes are mutated genes that cause out-of-control cells to develop and can lead to cancer.…

Q: If a is inactive, a cell may become cancerous. Ca. proto-oncogene b. tumor suppressor gene Cc.…

A: Cancer is the group of diseases. It involves the uncontrolled division of normal cells in the body.…

Q: Which Is not one of the ways that a proto-oncogene can become converted into an oncogene? O…

A: A proto oncogene is a type of gene which is responsible for suppression of tumor example is p53  Its…

Q: Mutations to proto-oncogenes act toa. increase cell division. c. repress oncogenes.b. increase DNA…

A: Cancer-critical genes are categorized into classes; Proto-oncogenes and Tumor-suppressor genes. The…

Q: ________ are changes to the nucleotides in a segment of DNA that codes for a protein.a.…

A: DNA( deoxyribonucleic acid) is the double-stranded molecule that is the genetic material in most…

Q: Mutations in the RB gene are often associated with cancer. Explain how a mutation that results in a…

A: The cell cycle is the series of stages that allow the cell to pass from one cell division to…

Q: What factors called mitogens stim-ulate cultured mammalian cells to proliferate by inducing…

A: Mitogens are biologically active polypeptides that induce cells to start division or increase the…

Q: Oncogenes:    A. Are dominant.  B. Cause cells to divide uncontrollably.  C. Are mutations of Proto…

A: Cancer is a disease which is caused by the uncontrolled growth of the cells, without regulation of…

Q: O The RB gene is likely hypomethylated in this individual O This individual is at much higher risk…

A: Retinoblastoma is an ocular malignancy occurring during childhood, which can affect both eyes and is…

Q: Hypermethylation is thought to contribute to cancer by a. inhibiting DNA replication. b. inhibiting…

A: DNA methylation is one of the intensely studied epigenetic modifications in mammals. The regulation…

Q: Vhich statement about DNA methylation is true? D It requires a histone methylase. D It involves the…

A: DNA is the genetic material. It stands for deoxyribonuceic acid.

Q: is cancer of glandular cells of the breast epithelium. are molecules capable of eliciting an immune…

A: Since we only answer up to 3 sub-parts, we’ll answer the first 3. If you need help with other sub…

Q: Proto-oncogenes code for (a) morphogens (b) antibodies for immune responses (c) growth factor…

A: Cancer is the state of uncontrolled cell division.

Q: Which one of the following events is unlikely to beassociated with cancer?a. mutation of a cellular…

A: Cancer is basically the uncontrolled proliferation of abnormal or mutated cells in the body. It is…

Q: A mutated gene that transforms a normal cell into a tumor cell is called a O a. neoplasm. O b.…

A: When cells expand and divide faster than they should or do not die when they should, an irregular…

Q: Distinguish between proto-oncogene and oncogene. Describe two mechanisms by which genetic change…

A: Oncogene refers to the cancer-causing gene and is expressed in higher concentration in tumor cells…

Q: The p53 gene is a tumor-suppressor gene while p634  gene is an oncogene. Mutation in either one can…

A: Cancer is a disease in which some of the body’s cells grow uncontrollably and spread to other parts…

Q: Describe how a transgenic mouse is created and describe an experiment it could be used in.

A: As per our company guideline we are supposed to answer only 1st question or 1st 3 sub parts of the…

Q: People with sickle-cell disease have O 1. defective phenylalanine hydrolyase. O 2. a defective…

A: Genetics is a study of genes, heredity, and genetic variation in an organism. Living organisms…

Q: Repressors bind toa) Promoterb) Enhancerc) Operatord) Hormone response element

A: A repressor is a protein that can bind to DNA or RNA and inhibits gene expression. The DNA-binding…

Q: What best describes Cdk1? O Is the serine protein kinase that when activated in a complex with…

A: Introduction:-  Cyclin dependent kynase are the families of protei They are involved in regulating…

Q: mutations in breast cancer susceptibility genes BRCA1 & 2 principally cause with ? (a) nucleotide…

A: BRCA1 gene mutations lead to breast cancer in women of around 60% to 80%. Along with that it also…

Q: Cancer cells typically lose cell cycle entry control. Explain how the following mutations, which are…

A: Mutations are changes or alterations that occur in the DNA. Mutagens are the agents that are…

Q: An oncogene is produced from a                   that has acquired a                      .a.…

A: Cancer is an abnormal condition that leads to proliferation of normal cells. They are caused due to…

Q: Genetic instability in the form of point mutations, chromosome rearrangements, and epigenetic…

A: A mutation is a form of alteration in which a single change changes a nucleotide of nucleic acid. It…

Q: mutated gene that transforms a normal cell into a tumor cell is called a   a. oncogene.   b.…

A: Mutations are the changes in the genetic makeup of the individual which results in the expression of…

Q: Sometimes, malignant cells do not stay properly anchored in tissues because of the loss of function…

A: Malignancy It refers to the presence of cancerous cells that have the ability to spread to other…

Q: Mutations in the BRCA genes have been shown to be related to a higher incidence of breast cancer in…

A: BRCA is a gene that produces proteins that help repair damaged DNA. everyone has two copies of the…

Q: Positive cell cycle regulators may become mutated to a. tumor suppressor genes b. oncogenes Cc.…

A: INTRODUCTION Oncogenes These are the gene which have the potential to cause cancer.

Q: and the inactivation of genes. 19- Cancer is often the result of activation of A) oncogenes,…

A: CANCER also called as malignancy is defined as a disease where the cells get divided in the body…

Q: Repressor molecules bind toa) Operatorb) Promoterc) Enhancerd) Hormone response element

A: An operon has certain regulatory sequences that help in the regulation of transcription. They can…

Q: HIV is not an oncogenic virus, but it does allow for other viruses to affect oncogenes. How do…

A: A small percentage of the infected individuals with an onco-virus infection develops cancer. It…

Q: Zeb1 encodes a transcription factor that activates expression of genes that help cells migrate (move…

A: Cancer is defined as an abnormal and uncontrolled division of cells in a body. It is caused due…

Q: Describe the genetic changes that convert proto-oncogenesinto oncogenes or inactivate…

A: Oncogenes can be defined as the genes which induce cancer in the organisms. These genes encode the…

Q: The product of the human papillomavirous oncogene E7promotes cancer by   emhancing expression of…

A: Virus is a microscopic organism which contains a protective coat and the nucleic acid. It doesn’t…

Q: A gene that codes for a positive cell-cycle regulator is called a(n) _____. a. kinase inhibitor. b.…

A: The cell cycle is responsible for the continuity of life from one cell to the next since it…

Genomic studies

Genomic studies (genomics) is the study of the whole genome of an organism. Using bioinformatics and high-performance computing, genomic researchers examined massive amounts of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-sequence data to discover variations or mutations that affect drug response, health, or disease. Genomics is a much younger discipline than genetics, having only emerged in the last few decades as a result of technological advancements in DNA sequencing and computational biology.