QUESTION 2 The theory of evolution states that: O Over time, all living things gradually evolve to become better adapted to their environments until there is a perfect fit between the organism and its environment O Over time, simple organisms become more complex and advanced through evolution O All life on Earth is descended from a single common ancestor, and differences between organisms can all be attributed to evolutionary change All evolution is caused by Natural Selection, in which individuals with genes that are better adapted to their environments are more likely to pass on those genes to their descendants, altering the allele frequency in the population over time

QUESTION 2 The theory of evolution states that: O Over time, all living things gradually evolve to become better adapted to their environments until there is a perfect fit between the organism and its environment O Over time, simple organisms become more complex and advanced through evolution O All life on Earth is descended from a single common ancestor, and differences between organisms can all be attributed to evolutionary change All evolution is caused by Natural Selection, in which individuals with genes that are better adapted to their environments are more likely to pass on those genes to their descendants, altering the allele frequency in the population over time

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305251052

Author:Michael Cummings

Publisher:Michael Cummings

Chapter19: Population Genetics And Human Evolution

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 19QP: Measuring Genetic Diversity in Human Populations The theory of natural selection has been summarized...

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QUESTION 1 Which of the following statements is true? a. Evolution is a completely random process. b. Evolution is synonymous with natural selection. c. Evolution only occurs in individuals. d. Evolution is defined as change in allele frequencies over time.
Question 4: What percentage or Americans believe that evolution does not occur and that humans and all other living things have only ever existed in their present form? A. Less than 20%B. Between 20% and 40%C. Between 40% and 60%D. Between 60% and 80%E. More than 80%
QUESTION 8 Morphological differences are abundant among many species. We make assumptions about why adaptations exist, but to understand whether a specific trait is a adaptive and why, researchers must create experiments that have all the following, EXCEPT: a. replication of each treatment to ensure reliability of results. b. hypotheses that are testable and falsifiable. c. include control groups. d. exceedingly small sample sizes in each treatment group. e. experimental design that enables all full interpretation of differences.
Question 20 How do new species arise, according to the theory of natural selection? when an old species goes extinct, a new species arises to take its place ) individuals in a population pass on new traits they have acquired during their lifetimes (3) two new species spontaneously branch off from ancestor populations from time to time if a population is reproductively isolated in a sufficiently different ecosystem for an extended period of time, it will develop adaptations that will eventually render it incapable of interbreeding with its host population
QUESTION 46 Which of the following statements about speciation is correct? a. Natural selection chooses the reproductive barriers for populations b. It always takes millions of years for speciation to occur c. The goal of natural selection is speciation d. Speciation is a process in which members become reproductively isolated into their own group.
Question- How is genetic drift different from natural selection? choose one from below 1. Natural selection occurs because some alleles confer higher fitness, whereas genetic drift occurs because of sampling error 2. natural selection has a stronger effect in large populations, whereas genetic drift acts primarily in small populations 3. natural selection is a mechanisms of evolution, whereas genetic drift is not a mechanisms but an outcome of evolution 4. natural selection tends to cause very rapid evolution, whereas genetic drift tends to operate on much longer time scales.
Question 18 When fitness is lower at both extremes of phenotypic variation for a trait (e.g., the very largest and very smallest beaks in a bird population) than for the median value in a population, the predominant evolutionary force at work is called Group of answer choices Only 1 correct answer phenotypic selection stabilizing selection directional selection phenotypic choice
QUESTION 50 You often hear that we evolved from monkeys. Write a concise and scientific, yet understandable to non-scientists, statement that you would say to clearly explain to someone you run into on the sidewalk why this statement is not supported by science.
QUESTION 16 You are examining a beloved population of trillium in the backyard of your childhood home. You recall as a child that flowers were bright white. As you return to the population you note that many (but not all) of the flowers have a faint purple vertical stripe in the middle of each petal. List each of Darwin’s postulates and what must be true about your population if it has undergone evolution by natural selection for petal color.
QUESTION 9 Recent genetic research indicates that ____ or more individuals are needed for an endangered species to maintain its capacity for biological evolution. a. 100 b. 1,000 c. 10 d. 100,000 e. 10,000
QUESTION 22 Tiktaalik and Archaeopteryx are very important transitional forms. They provide evidence for evolution through examples of: a. microevolution b. macroevolution c. migration d. speciation
QUESTION 82 Which technique did Charles Darwin use to measure the age of the Earth? A. rate of erosion of Igneous rocks in England B. rate of weathering of sandstone in sourthern England C. rate of erosion of the chalk formation in sourthern England D. rate of sedimentation of the oceans