Question 4: Consider the following “modified" prisoners' dilemma: Defect Nuclear Соорerate 4, 4 Соорегate Defect 1, 5 0, 0 0, 0 5, 1 2, 2 Nuclear 0, 0 0, 0 0,0 (a) This is simply a Prisoners’ dilemma with a “nuclear option" added to the actions. Suppose this game is played once. Find all the pure strategy Nash equilibrium. (b) Suppose this game is played three times repeatedly. Show that there is an equilibrium (SPE) where cooperation is sustained early in the game.
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- Consider the following normal form of the game with two players. What is the Nash Equilibrium of this game?Your probability professor has a tabby cat who sleeps 34% of the time and seems to respond to stimuli more or less randomly. If a human pets her when she’s awake, she will request more petting 8% of the time, food 38% of the time, and a game of fetch the rest of the time. If a human pets her when she’s asleep, she will request more petting 33% of the time, food 41% of the time, and a game of fetch the rest of the time. (You can assume that the humans don’t pet her disproportionally often when she’s awake.) • If the cat requests food when petted, what is the probability that she was asleep? • If the cat requests a game of fetch when petted, what is the probability that she was not asleep?if Z = 3 (a) How many pure strategy profiles exist in this game? (b) In the unique subgame perfect Nash equilibrium, what is the sum of the payoffs to the two players?
- Question II. Electoral Coordination under Different Levels of Democracy and Development. For Scenarios A, B and C below, do the following:1. Depict the strategic interactions between North and South, the two players, as a game.2. Identify all dominant and dominated strategies. If a player does not have a dominant strategy explain why.3. Explain what a pure strategy Nash equilibria (PSNE) is. (You only have to do this once, in your answer for Scenario A). Find all of them in each scenario or explain why there are none.4. Explain what a Pareto Efficient situation means (you only have to do this once, in your answer for Scenario A). For each PSNE, comment on whether the outcome is Pareto Efficient or not. Explain why.5. For each scenario, discuss what the game theoretical analysis implies about the likelihood that the OLD regime stays in power. If there is more than one PSNE in a game, what can we predict about the game’s outcome?SCENARIO A: Country X has long been ruled by a single…Consider the following game. The first number (before the comma) is the payoff to the row player and the second number (after the comma) is the payoff to the column player. The Nash equilibrium(s) are: A B A 4,4 3,3 B 3,3 5,5 Group of answer choices: -(A,A) and (B,B) -(A,A) only -There are no Nash equilibriums. -(B,B) onlycan we find nash equilibrium through mixed strategy as well?
- What is the pure strategy Nash equilibrium outcome if there is one Is this a socially optimal outcome? If not, which outcome is preferredConsider the department store market in Sydney. Two players, David Jones and MYER, are deciding the prices for their new seasonal collection. They could choose either high or low pricing strategy. The payoffs are given by the following table. The first payoff is for David Jones. MYER David Jones Low High Low 6,6 7,4 High 4,8 8,9 5. If David Jones and MYER decide simultaneously, which of the following is true? a) There are two Nash equilibria in this game. b) There is no Nash equilibrium. c) Both shops have a dominant strategy to high pricing strategy. d) There is a unique Nash equilibrium. e) None of the other answers is correct.Little Kona is a small coffee company that is considering entering a market dominated by Big Brew. Each company’s profit depends on whether Little Kona enters and whether Big Brew sets a high price or a low price: a) Does either player in this game have a dominant strategy? b) Does your answer to part (a) help you figure out what the other player should do? What is the Nash equilibrium? Is there only one? c) Big Brew threatens Little Kona by saying, “If you enter, we’re going to set a low price, so you had better stay out.” Do you think Little Kona should believe the threat? Why or why not?
- Rock-Paper-Scissors is a simple game in which two players compete by simultaneously choosing rock, paper, or scissors. According to the classic rules of the game, paper beats rock, scissors beat paper, and rock beats scissors. After watching one player compete in this game for many rounds, you have observed that she chooses rock, paper, or scissors based on her previous choice according to the following transition probabilities: Future Choice Rock Paper Scissor Current Choice Rock 0.2 0.3 0.5 Paper 0.4 0.1 0.5 Scissor 0.7 0.3 0 Assume you are competing against this player and that you must decide on all future choices now (before seeing any additional opponent choices).a. What is the best strategy that works most of the time to beat your opponent? b. Given the opposing player last chose Rock, what is your best choice in the next round as her opponent ? c. Draw the transition diagram !Question 1A A CEO of a multihospital system is planning to expand operations into various states. It will take several years to get certificate of need (CON) approvals so that the new facilities can be constructed. The eventual cost (in millions of dollars) of building a facility will differ among states, depending upon finances, labor, and the economic and political climate. An outside consulting firm estimated the costs for the new facilities as based on declining, similar, or improving economies, and the associated probabilities as shown in the Table below. Decision alternatives Declining Same Improving Kentucky 22.00 19.00 15.00 Maryland 19.00 18.50 18.00 North carolina 19.50 17.00 15.50 Tennesee 23.00 17.00 14.00 Virginia 25.00 21.00 13.00 The first part should be done as cost and the second part should be done as profits. (a) Which alternative should the firm choose under the maximax criterion? (b) Which option…Exercice 1: In the following table i) by describing precisely your reasoning, find the balance(s) of the game ii) Justify that the equilibrium(s) found is/are nash equilibria