QUESTION ONE 1.1 The purpose of consumption of goods by an individual is to derive satisfaction from the consumption of these goods. Consumer goods can be classified into three main categories. Discuss these categories of goods. 1.2 Explain the meaning of a complete outward shift of the production possibility frontier. Use a diagram to substantiate your answer.
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- Why does a change in income cause a parallel shift in the budget constraint?If people do not have a complete mental picture of total utility for every level of consumption, how can they find their utility-maximizing consumption choice?Question3 a) Suppose a household is faced with the choice between consuming gasoline (G) and all other goods (OG). Today the household consumes 800 liter of gasoline a year.Suppose then that a gasoline price increase is perfectly compensated by a wage increase. If the family followed the utility maximization model, how would this affect their consumption of gasoline? Explain by using a figure. b) Explain by using an example why an MRS (Marginal Rate of Substitution) between two goods must equal the ratio of the price of the goods for the consumer to achieve maximum satisfaction?
- What happens to the original budget line if the price of good ? falls to 4$? (i.e., Will there be a change in the slope and/or intercepts of the original budget line? If yes, what are those changes?). Interpret economically how the change in the price of good ? affects the consumption decision of the consumer.What happens to the original budget line if the price of good ? doubled? (i.e., Will there be a change in the slope and/or intercepts of the original budget line? If yes, what are those changes?). Interpret economically how the change in the price of good ? affects the consumption decision of the consumerGive typing answer with explanation and conclusion 1) Suppose consumption bundle A contains 2 books and 5 candy bars, consumption bundle B contains 4 books and 4 candy bars, and consumption bundle C contains 3 books and 2 candy bars. Which of the following CANNOT be the bundle that a consumer likes the most? a.Consumption bundle B b.Consumption bundle C c.Consumption bundle A
- If we have money, we buy goods and services to satisfy our needs. In economics, thesatisfaction that we get from the consumption of goods and services is called utility. Usea utility graph to explain what happen to the utility when you keep on increasing thenumber of units consumed. Also explain what happens to the utility when you keep onincreasing the number of units consumed. Also explain what happens to the additionalutility (i.e. additional satisfaction) when you increase your consumption by one unitQ2. You drink only Coffee or Orange juice Price of Coffee (dollars per cup) Marginal Utility of Coffee (for 1st cup) Price of Orange Juice (dollars per glass) Marginal Utility of Orange Juice (for 1st glass) $3 60 $2 50 c) If you have 1 cup of Coffee and 1 glass of Orange juice, are you in Equilibrium? Explain briefly. d) If not, how should you change your consumption of these 2 items?Juan is currently working in a job that pays $25 an hour and he chooses to work 8 hours per day. Assume that Juan can work a maximum of 16 hours a day, and he has complete flexibility in how many hours a day he works. Illustrate Juan’s budget constraint and his optimal choice of consumption and leisure. What is the slope of his budget constraint? What does this slope represent? (As on any graph you draw, make sure that you label the axes, the intercepts and the optimal choice.) Juan begins receiving a government transfer payment of $100 per day. Add his new budget constraint to your graph in (a) and show his new optimal choice. Does he choose more or less consumption? More or less leisure? Explain why for both goods. The government imposes a tax of 25% on Juan’s earnings from work and increases his government transfer to $150 per day (the government transfer payment is not taxed.) Redraw the budget constraint from part (b) (omit the part (a) budget constraint), and add a new budget…
- b) Suppose a household is faced with the choice between consuming gasoline (G) and all other goods (OG). Today the household consumes 800 liter of gasoline a year. Suppose then that a gasoline price increase is perfectly compensated by a wage increase. If the family followed the utility maximization model, how would tis affect their consumption of gasoline? Explain by using a figure.Question 4 Given the following budget line ???+???=? And that the slope of the budget line depends only on relative prices, show what happens to the budget line when: (a) ?? rises (b) ? reduces (c) Both ?? and ?? rise by the same proportion (d) a consumer is given an in-kind transfer of 40 units of good ? (e) the government imposes a quantity tax (t) on good ?EXERCISE 5 Loise spends £20 on tea (T) and coffee (C). Her preferences for these goods can be described by the following utility function: ( , ). Suppose that one cup of tea costs £1.60 while one cup of Loise’s favourite coffee costs £4.00. Find Loise’s optimal consumption bundle. Provide both algebraic and graphical solution. Explain your reasoning. Discuss how Loise’s optimal consumption choice would change when her disposable budget changes. If the price of tea increases to £2.00 per cup, how should the price of coffee change so that Loise can be as well off as before this change in prices? Discuss the implications of the price change from c) on Loise’s optimal choice. In your discussion, include the analysis of the substitution and income effects as well as Loise’s demand for tea and/or coffee.