Please help me answer the table ACTIVITY NO 5REACTION OF LIPIDSIntroductionLipids are heterogeneous class of bioorganic compounds which includes fatsand oils, waxes, cholesterol and its derivatives, some vitamins and prostaglandins.What these substances have in common is their limited solubility in water.Fats and oils are the most abundant lipids found in nature. Both aretriacylglycerol mixtures. Fats contain higher percentage of saturated fatty acid whileoils have more of the unsaturated fatty acids.The chemical properties of triacylglycerol are typical with that of esters andalkanes. Important reactions of these compounds are hydrolysis, saponification,hydrogenation and rancidity and emulsification.Hydrolysis may occur making them acidic giving rise to volatile fatty acidwhich undergoes oxidation to give foul odor of volatile aldehydes and ketones..Objectives: At the end of the activity, the student can:1. List some chemical properties of lipids.2. Identify the best solvents for lipids.3.Test the different components of lipids.4. Differentiate rancid from fresh oil using different indicators.Reagents: 5 ml Coconut oil, 1 ml diethylether, 1 ml-5% HCI, 1 ml-5% NaOH, 1 mlethyl alcohol, 1 ml benzene, 1 ml CCl, 1 ml distilled water, 5 mlchloroform, blue and red litmus paper, 3 drops phenolphthalein, 3 dropsmethyl orange, few crystals KHS0,drops albumin, 1 g cholesterol,1 mlacetic anhydride, 1.5 ml conc. H,SO, 1 ml glycerol, palmitic acid, 2 mloleic acid, 3 ml- 0.05M KMNO, solution, 3 ml-10% Na,CO,BRING: bile solution, soap solutionMaterials:10 ( 20ml Test tubes), test tube rack, test tube brush, test tube holder, 6dropper, 10 ml graduated cylinder, evaporating dish, platform balance,alcohol lamp, spatulaProcedure:1. Solubility – Place 1 ml of distilled water, 5% HCl, 5% NaOH, diethyl ether, CCL,ethyl alcohol, chloroform, into 7 different test tubes. Add 1 drop of coconut oil andshake. Observe solubility of oil in the different solvents.2. Translucent spots – Place 1 drop of coconut oil on a piece of ordinary writingpaper. Note the formation of a semi-transparent spot. Allow to evaporatespontaneously. Observe what happens to the transparent spot. Repeat usingglycerol instead of coconut oil.3. Acrolein Test – Place 5 drops of coconut oil in a test tube. Add a few crystals ofKHSO, and heat. Observe change in color and odor evolved. Repeat usingglycerol and oleic acid instead of coconut oil.4. Test for Unsaturation – Prepare 3 test tube. To the first add 10 drops coconut oil,to the second, add 10 drops oleic acid, the third a few crystals of palmitic acid.Add 1 ml of 0.05M KMNO, and 1 ml of 10% Na.CO;. Shake the mixture andallow to stand for a few minutes with occasional shaking. Observe the color of theKMNO, layer.5. Test for Rancidity – Prepare 3test tubes and add 5 drops of fresh coconut oil toeach tube. To the first tube , add 2 drops phenolphthalein, to the second 1 dropmethyl orange, and to the third place a piece of blue and red litmus paper. Repeatusing rancid oil instead of fresh coconut oil.6. Emulsification – Prepare 3 test tubes and add 1 ml of coconut oil to each. To thefirst tube, add 5 drops of bile solution, to the second 5 drops albumin and to thethird 5 drops soap solution. Shake each mixture very well and compare results.7. Liebermann-Burchard Test – Dissolve 0.5 g of cholesterol in 2 ml chloroform andplace in an evaporating dish. Add 1 ml acetic anhydride and 5 drops of conc.Sulfuric acid. Mix and place in the dark for 10 minutes. Observe color change.8. Salkowski Test – Dissolve 0.5 g of cholesterol in 2 ml of chloroform. Allow 1 mlof conc. Sulfuric acid to flow along the side of the tube avoiding the mixture withchloroform layer. Note color produces both in the chloroform and sulfuric acidlayers. REACTION OF LIPIDSResults:TestTreatmentResultSolubility ofcoconut oil in:a.Distilled waterb.5% HCIc.5% NaOHd,diethyl.Ethere.Ethyl Alcoholf.Chloroformg.CCl,TranslucentCoconut oilspotGlycerolAcrolein TestCoconut oilGlycerolOleic acidUnsaturationCoconut oilOleic acidPalmitic acidFresh oilRanciditywith phenolphthaleinWith methyl orangeWitha.Red litmus paperb.Blue litmus paperRancid oilwith phenolphthaleinWith methyl orangeWitha. Red litmus paperb.Blue litmus paperEmulsificatioCoconut oilwith bileWith albuminWith soap solutionLiebermann-BurchardSalkowski

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