Read the descriptions of physical or chemical changes in the table below. Then decide whether the change will be spontaneous, if you can.ChangeIs this change spontaneous?Yes.A solid substance dissolves in water, releasing heat as it does so.O No.Can't decide with information given.Yes.A solid precipitates from a solution, absorbing heat as it does so.O No.O Can't decide with information given.Yes.An endothermic chemical reaction between two liquids results in gaseousproducts.O No.O Can't decide with information given.

Entropy is used to determine the randomness or disorders. If change in Gibb’s free energy is…

Answered: Read the descriptions of physical or…

Chemistry for Engineering Students

4th Edition

ISBN:9781337398909

Author:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme

Publisher:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme

Chapter9: Energy And Chemistry

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 9.101PAE

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Similar questions

9.20 State the first law of thermodynamics briefly in your own words.
Athletic trainers use instant ice packs that can be cooled quickly on demand. Squeezing the pact breaks an inner container, allowing two components to mix and react. This reaction makes the pack become cold. Describe the heat flow for this spontaneous process.
The statement Energycan beneithercreatednor destroyedis sometimes used as an equivalent statement of the first law of thermodynamics. There areinaccuracies to the statement, however. Restate it tomake it less inaccurate.
Coal is used as a fuel in some electric-generating plants. Coal is a complex material, but for simplicity we may consider it to be a form of carbon. The energy that can be derived from a fuel is sometimes compared with the enthalpy of the combustion reaction: C(s)+O2(g)CO2(g) Calculate the standard enthalpy change for this reaction at 25C. Actually, only a fraction of the heat from this reaction is available to produce electric energy. In electric generating plants, this reaction is used to generate heat for a steam engine, which turns the generator. Basically the steam engine is a type of heat engine in which steam enters the engine at high temperature (Th), work is done, and the steam then exits at a lower temperature (Tl). The maximum fraction, f, of heat available to produce useful energy depends on the difference between these temperatures (expressed in kelvins), f = (Th Tl)/Th. What is the maximum heat energy available for useful work from the combustion of 1.00 mol of C(s) to CO2(g)? (Assume the value of H calculated at 25C for the heat obtained in the generator.) It is possible to consider more efficient ways to obtain useful energy from a fuel. For example, methane can be burned in a fuel cell to generate electricity directly. The maximum useful energy obtained in these cases is the maximum work, which equals the free-energy change. Calculate the standard free-energy change for the combustion of 1.00 mol of C(s) to CO2(g). Compare this value with the maximum obtained with the heat engine described here.
Explain in your own words what is meant by the term entropy. Explain how both matter spread and energy spread are related to the concept of entropy.
You have a large balloon containing 1.0 mol of gaseous water vapor at 80 C. How will each step affect the internal energy of the system? (a) The temperature of the system is raised to 90 C. (b) The vapor is condensed to a liquid, at 40 C.
One statement of the second law of thermodynamics is that heat cannot be turned completely into work. Another is that the entropy of the universe always increases. How are these two statements related?
A 5.00-g sample of aluminum pellets (specific heat capacity = 0.89 J/C g) and a 10.00-g sample of iron pellets (specific heat capacity = 0.45 J/C g) are heated to 100.0C. The mixture of hot iron and aluminum is then dropped into 97.3 g water at 22.0C. Calculate the final temperature of the metal and water mixture, assuming no heat loss to the surroundings.
9.47 If 14.8 kJ of heat is given off when 1.6 g of HCl condenses from vapor to liquid, what is Hcond for this substance?

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