refer to the following table: Consumption expenditure (C)= 100+ 0.8 Yd Investment expenditure (1) = 120-500/ Government spending (G)-50 Money demanded for Asset purpose= 100-2000 i Money demanded for transaction purpose= 60+0.1 Y Money demanded for precautionary purpose 40 Where is the interest rate, Y is the real GDP; Yd is the disposable income Suppose G rises by 100 S because of increased expenditure on education. What is the new equilibrium Y? 4600 2444 1444.44 1131.148 2000 Taxes 0.1Y Current account-0 Demand deposits 60 Saving deposits 30 Currency in circulation-10 Banks reserves 20
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- A consumer's current income (y) is 200 and the future income ( t.') is 240. A current lump sum tax (t) of 10 is paid and the tax in the next period (t) is 15. The real interest rate is 20% for each period. Please assume that current and future consumption are complements. and the consumer always prefers to have one unit of current consumption and two units of consumption in the future. Calculate the optimal current and future consumption and the optimal current and future savings. Is the consumer a lender or a borrower? How does he she. as a lender or a borrower. affect the future consumption?Consider the following NIPA data for 1Q2021 (First Quarter 20210 $ billlion) Investment: Non Residential $2,948.3 Exports $2,305.3 PCE Goods $5,183.5 Investment: Residential $1,043.7 Government Expendiures Federal $1,557.0 PCE Services $9,857.7 Imports $3,152.3 Governemnt Expenditures : State and local Goernent Expenditures $2,395.9 Change in private inventories -$90.1 2a. Compute the weights of each of PCE, GPDI, NX and GOV) in GDP 2b. Consider the following rates of change (%) for each of the above items. % change PCE 10.70% GPDI -5.00% NX -6.80% GOV 6.30%Given the following consumption function, C = 400 + 0.75YD,where C= consumption expenditure, YD = disposable income, Investment= $1200, Government spending = $1600,Exports = $500, Imports = $600, Taxes = $1200 and Potential GDP = $9000Aactual output is less than potential outputactual output is zeroactual output is equal to potential outputactual output is higher than potential output
- A consumer's current income (y) is 200 and the future income ( t.') is 240. A current lump sum tax (t) of 10 is paid and the tax in the next period (t') is 15. The real interest rate is 20% for each period. Please assume that current and future consumption are complements. and the consumer always prefers to have one unit of current consumption and two units of consumption in the future.Calculate the consumer's lifetime wealth.Calculate the optimal current and future consumption and the optimal current and future savings. Is the consumer a lender or a borrower? How does he she. as a lender or a borrower. affect the future consumption?Suppose that private savings and investment functions are given by: S = −c0 + (1 − c1)(Y − T) I = b0 + b1Y with G = T = 0. Assume 0 < b1 < 1−c1 < 1 (i.e. that slope of the savings curve is steeper than that of the investment curve). (a) Model Basics: Draw a graph of the investment=savings model with S,I on the vertical axis, and Y on the horizontal axis. Clearly label the 1) specific values of each intercept, 2) specific values of the slopes of each curve. (b) Suppose consumers choose to save more by reducing consumption at any given level of income, so that c0 declines. Show this on the graph. What are the effects of this change on 1) output, 2) the level of private savings, 3) the level of investment. (c) Briefly describe the economic intuition behind your results. Why is this called the paradox of thrift? (1-2 sentences is fine). (d) Deriving the Model: Show that the equilibrium condition Y = C + I + G implies I = S + T − GSuppose that for a particular economy, for some time period, consumption was given by theconsumption function C = 300 + 0.9YD, investment was equal to 200, government expenditure wasequal to 100, net taxes were fixed at 100, exports were equal to 200, and imports were given by theimports function Z = 10 + 0.1YD. Note that YD represents disposable income. a.Suppose households earn $150 more in their disposable income. How much more would theyconsume in total? How much go to domestic goods and how much go to imported goods? Howmuch would they end up saving? b.What is the level of equilibrium income? What about the level of consumption and import? c.What are the values of the government spending multiplier, tax multiplier and balanced-budgetmultiplier? d.Suppose the investment level suddenly declined by 20. How should the government stabilize theeconomy? Please provide all options in detail
- Assumptions for all the questions: Private consumption is a function of disposable income and wealth (unless stated otherwise). Investment depends only on the real interest rate (unless stated otherwise). please present your answer using graphs and short explanations. Assume that the economy is open and that CF= 0. Assume that Y*< Yfull. Analyze the influence of the following events (analyze each event separately unless said otherwise) on the equlibrium outcomes. Use the diagrams and show the changes relative to the initial situation which you described in A. In each section show what will happen to output, real interest rate, net capital flow (CF), import surplus (IM-EX), real exchange rate, private consumption, investment and inflation rate in the short run and in the long run. a) Assume that we are in the initial situation of short-run equilibrium described above. The government decided to decrease taxes and increase bonds in order to increse household consumption. asume…Answer the given question with a proper explanation and step-by-step solution. We have the following information for an economy. All values are in billion dollars. Disposable Consumption Income Spending с Y Y-T Output Net (Income) Taxes Y T $200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 $100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 $100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 $75 150 225 300 375 450 525 600 675 750 825 900 975 Saving S=Yd-C $25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 275 300 325 In this economy, equilibrium income/output is. (Enter your response as an integer.) Planned Government Investment I Purchases G $80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 $120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 Planned Aggregate Expenditure C+I+G $275 350 425 500 575 650 725 800 875 950 1025 1100 1175Ifthe government collects more in tax revenue than it spends, and households consume more than they get in after-tax income,then a.private and public saving are both positive. b.private and public saving are both negative. c.privatesaving is positive,but public saving is negative. d.private saving is negative,but public saving is positive.
- 2. Public consumption of a country (two sectors) is indicated by the function C = 60 + 0.4Y. Calculate:a. Find the saving function.b. If the investment that occurs is 300, determine the balance national income.c. What is the consumption of the people of the country if the national income is 400.d. How much is the savings of the people of the country if the national income is 400.e. Make a graphical sketch of the consumption and saving functions in one image. Please solve subparts d,e thank u2. Public consumption of a country (two sectors) is indicated by the function C = 60 + 0.4Y. Calculate:a. Find the saving function.b. If the investment that occurs is 300, determine the balance national income.c. What is the consumption of the people of the country if the national income is 400.d. How much is the savings of the people of the country if the national income is 400.e. Make a graphical sketch of the consumption and saving functions in one image. Please solve sub parts a,b,c thank utable below shows levels of employment, output, consumption, and saving for a private closed economy. Possible Levels of Employment, Millions Real Domestic Output,Billions Consumption,Billions Saving,Billions 40 $ 240 $ 244 -$ 4 45 260 260 0 50 280 276 4 55 300 292 8 60 320 308 12 65 340 324 16 70 360 340 20 75 380 356 24 80 400 372 28 Instructions: Enter your answers as a whole number. Using the consumption and saving data above and assuming planned investment is $16 billion, answer the following questions: a. What are saving and planned investment at the $380 billion level of domestic output? Investment = $ billion