Sandals Soybeans Country (Pairs per hour of labor) (Bushels per hour of labor) Peru 12 48 Uruguay 16 32 both. The following table shows the amount of sandals or soybeans that can be produced using 1 hour Consider the countries Peru and Uruguay. They each have 4 million labor hours available per week that they can use to produce sandals, soybeans, or a combination of labor. If the two countries were to trade, a possible exchange rate would be o 3 pairs of sandals to 9 bushels of soybeans. 3 pairs of sandals to 6 bushels of soybeans. o 3 pairs of sandals to 3 bushels of soybeans. 3 pairs of sandals to 12 bushels of soybeans,

Sandals Soybeans Country (Pairs per hour of labor) (Bushels per hour of labor) Peru 12 48 Uruguay 16 32 both. The following table shows the amount of sandals or soybeans that can be produced using 1 hour Consider the countries Peru and Uruguay. They each have 4 million labor hours available per week that they can use to produce sandals, soybeans, or a combination of labor. If the two countries were to trade, a possible exchange rate would be o 3 pairs of sandals to 9 bushels of soybeans. 3 pairs of sandals to 6 bushels of soybeans. o 3 pairs of sandals to 3 bushels of soybeans. 3 pairs of sandals to 12 bushels of soybeans,

Principles of Economics 2e

2nd Edition

ISBN:9781947172364

Author:Steven A. Greenlaw; David Shapiro

Publisher:Steven A. Greenlaw; David Shapiro

Chapter33: International Trade

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 6SCQ: Table 33.15 shows how the average costs of production for semiconductors (the chips In computer...

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What is absolute advantage? What is comparative advantage?
Review the numbers for Canada and Venezuela from Table 33.12 which describes how many barrels of oil and tons of lumber the workers can produce. Use these numbers to answer the rest of this question. Draw a production possibilities frontier for each country. Assume there are 100 workers in each country. Canadians and Venezuelans desire both oil and lumber. Canadians want at least 2,000 tons of lumber. Mark a point on their production possibilities where they can get at least 3,000 tons. Assume that the Canadians specialize completely because they figured out they have a comparative advantage in lumber. They are willing to give up 1,000 tons of lumber. How much oil should they ask for in return for this lumber to be as well off as they were with no trade? How much should they ask for if they want to gain from trading with Venezuela? Note: We can think of this ask as the relative price or trade price of lumber. Is the Canadian ask you identified in (b) also beneficial for Venezuelans? Use the production possibilities frontier graph for Venezuela to show that Venezuelans can gain from trade.
France and Tunisia both have Mediterranean climates that are excellent for producing/harvesting green beans and tomatoes. In France it takes two hours for each worker to harvest green beans and two hours to harvest a tomato. Tunisian workers need only one hour to harvest the tomatoes but four hours to harvest green beans. Assume there are only two workers, one in each country, and each works 40 hours a week. Draw a production possibilities frontier for each country. Hint: Remember the production possibility frontier is the maximum that all workers can produce at a unit of time which, in this problem, is a week. Identify which country has the absolute advantage in green beans and which country has the absolute advantage in tomatoes. Identity which country has the comparative advantage. How much would France have to give up In terms of tomatoes to gain from trade? How much would it have to give up in terms of green beans?
Table 33.15 shows how the average costs of production for semiconductors (the chips In computer memories) change as the quantity of semiconductors built at that factory increases. Based on these data, sketch a curve with quantity produced on the horizontal axis and average cost of production on the vertical axis. How does the curve illustrate economies of scale? If the equilibrium quantity of semiconductors demanded is 90,000, can this economy take full advantage of economies of scale? What about if quantity demanded is 70,000 semiconductors? 50,000 semiconductors? 30,000 semiconductors? Explain how international trade could make it possible for even a small economy to take full advantage of economies of scale, while also benefiting from competition and the variety offered by several producers.
Consider two neighboring island countries called Felicidad and Contente. They each have 4 million labor hours available per week that they can use to produce jeans, rye, or a combination of both. The following table shows the amount of jeans or rye that can be produced using 1 hour of labor. Country Jeans Rye (Pairs per hour of labor) (Bushels per hour of labor) Felicidad 5 20 Contente 8 16 Initially, suppose Contente uses 1 million hours of labor per week to produce jeans and 3 million hours per week to produce rye, while Felicidad uses 3 million hours of labor per week to produce jeans and 1 million hours per week to produce rye. Consequently, Felicidad produces 15 million pairs of jeans and 20 million bushels of rye, and Contente produces 8 million pairs of jeans and 48 million bushels of rye. Assume there are no other countries willing to trade goods, so, in the absence of trade between these two countries, each country consumes the amount of jeans and…
Consider two neighboring island countries called Arcadia and Dolorium. They each have 4 million labor hours available per month that they can use to produce jeans, rye, or a combination of both. The following table shows the amount of jeans or rye that can be produced using 1 hour of labor. Country Jeans Rye Arcadia 8 16 Dolorium 5 20 Initially, suppose Arcadia uses 1 million hours of labor per month to produce jeans and 3 million hours per month to produce rye, while Dolorium uses 3 million hours of labor per month to produce jeans and 1 million hours per month to produce rye. Consequently, Arcadia produces 8 million pairs of jeans and 48 million bushels of rye, and Dolorium produces 15 million pairs of jeans and 20 million bushels of rye. Assume there are no other countries willing to trade goods, so, in the absence of trade between these two countries, each country consumes the amount of jeans and rye it produces. Arcadia's opportunity cost of producing 1…
ackground information: A worker in the United States and a worker in China can each produce 1,000 pairs of jeans per week. A worker in the United States can produce 50 cell phones in a week, and a worker in China can produce 100 cell phones in a week. Answer the following questions based on this information.Part A: If each country attempted to produce both jeans and cell phones, how many jeans and cell phones could each country produce? What would be the total number of jeans and cell phones produced by the two countries combined? (Show your work.)Part B: Calculate the opportunity cost of producing jeans for each country. (Show your work.)Part C: Calculate the opportunity cost of producing cell phones for each country. (Show your work.)Part D: Determine how many jeans should be produced by each nation. (Show your work). Part E: If each nation should specialize in producing jeans and cell phones, explain why; use economic terminology you have learned in this unit in your…
Suppose there exist two imaginary countries, Yosemite and Congaree. Their labor forces are each capable of supplying four million hours per day that can be used to produce pistachios, chinos, or some combination of the two. The following table shows the amount of pistachios or chinos that can be produced by one hour of labor. Country Pistachios Chinos (Pounds per hour of labor) (Pairs per hour of labor) Yosemite 6 12 Congaree 4 16 Suppose that initially Yosemite uses 1 million hours of labor per day to produce pistachios and 3 million hours per day to produce chinos, while Congaree uses 3 million hours of labor per day to produce pistachios and 1 million hours per day to produce chinos. As a result, Yosemite produces 6 million pounds of pistachios and 36 million pairs of chinos, and Congaree produces 12 million pounds of pistachios and 16 million pairs of chinos. Assume there are no other countries willing to engage in trade, so, in the absence of trade…
Consider two neighboring island countries called Contente and Felicidad. They each have 4 million labor hours available per week that they can use to produce rye, jeans, or a combination of both. The following table shows the amount of rye or jeans that can be produced using 1 hour of labor. Country Rye Jeans (Bushels per hour of labor) (Pairs per hour of labor) Contente 8 16 Felicidad 5 20 Initially, suppose Contente uses 1 million hours of labor per week to produce rye and 3 million hours per week to produce jeans, while Felicidad uses 3 million hours of labor per week to produce rye and 1 million hours per week to produce jeans. Consequently, Contente produces 8 million bushels of rye and 48 million pairs of jeans, and Felicidad produces 15 million bushels of rye and 20 million pairs of jeans. Assume there are no other countries willing to trade goods, so, in the absence of trade between these two countries, each country consumes the amount of rye and…
Consider two neighboring island countries called Dolorium and Contente. They each have 4 million labor hours available per week that they can use to produce rye, jeans, or a combination of both. The following table shows the amount of rye or jeans that can be produced using 1 hour of labor. Country Rye Jeans (Bushels per hour of labor) (Pairs per hour of labor) Dolorium 5 20 Contente 8 16 Initially, suppose Contente uses 1 million hours of labor per week to produce rye and 3 million hours per week to produce jeans, while Dolorium uses 3 million hours of labor per week to produce rye and 1 million hours per week to produce jeans. Consequently, Dolorium produces 15 million bushels of rye and 20 million pairs of jeans, and Contente produces 8 million bushels of rye and 48 million pairs of jeans. Assume there are no other countries willing to trade goods, so, in the absence of trade between these two countries, each country consumes the amount of rye and jeans…
Consider two neighboring island countries called Dolorium and Bellissima. They each have 4 million labor hours available per month that they can use to produce rye, jeans, or a combination of both. The following table shows the amount of rye or jeans that can be produced using 1 hour of labor. Country Rye (Bushels per hour of labor) Jeans (Pairs per hour of labor) Dolorium 8 32 Bellissima 12 24 Initially, suppose Bellissima uses 1 million hours of labor per month to produce rye and 3 million hours per month to produce jeans, while Dolorium uses 3 million hours of labor per month to produce rye and 1 million hours per month to produce jeans. Consequently, Dolorium produces 24 million bushels of rye and 32 million pairs of jeans, and Bellissima produces 12 million bushels of rye and 72 million pairs of jeans. Assume there are no other countries willing to trade goods, so, in the absence of trade between these two countries, each country consumes the amount of rye…
Production Advantage and Opportunity CostsAssume there are two countries, the United States and France, and two goods, automobiles andcomputers.The table presented below shows the number of automobiles and computers that the United States andFrance can produce with the same amount of resources.United States FranceAutomobiles 120 100Computers 60 55Source: Pearson Education Inc. 1.1 Which country has an absolute advantage in computer production? Motivate your answer.1.2 Which country has a comparative advantage in the production of automobiles? Motivateyour answer. 1.3 Assume these countries trade with one another under the conditions of free trade. Whichcountry will specialise in the production of automobiles? Motivate your answer. 1.4 If free trade exists between the United States and France, what are the highest and lowestlevels for the price of an automobile (expressed in terms of computers)? Motivate youranswer by stating which level favours the United States and France.