Sickle-cell anemia is caused by a point mutation which alters the shape of erythrocytes. Individuals with two normal alleles have normal erythrocytes, individuals with two mutated alleles have C-shaped erythrocytes and experience anemia. Heterozygous individuals produce both types of erythrocytes and experience protection from the parasite that causes malaria. If a anemic man and a normal woman have children, what percentage of the offspring are expected to be protected from malaria? 50% 0% 75% O 100% 25%

Sickle-cell anemia is caused by a point mutation which alters the shape of erythrocytes. Individuals with two normal alleles have normal erythrocytes, individuals with two mutated alleles have C-shaped erythrocytes and experience anemia. Heterozygous individuals produce both types of erythrocytes and experience protection from the parasite that causes malaria. If a anemic man and a normal woman have children, what percentage of the offspring are expected to be protected from malaria? 50% 0% 75% O 100% 25%

Health Safety And Nutrition F/Young Child

9th Edition

ISBN:9781305144767

Author:MAROTZ

Publisher:MAROTZ

Chapter5: The Infectious Process And Environmental Control

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 3CS

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Sickle cell anemia is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder. Because individuals affected bysickle cell anemia have defective hemoglobin proteins, their blood cannot transport oxygenproperly. There appears to be a relationship between the incidence of malaria and sickle cellanemia. Individuals with sickle cell anemia and carriers of the sickle cell allele have someresistance to malaria. Malaria is caused by the parasite Plasmodium and is transmitted among humans by mosquitoes. If scientists are successful in reducing significantly or eliminating malaria, the best predictionfor what will happen to the allele for sickle cell anemia in the population is that it willa. not be affected by the elimination of malariab. increase as its selective advantage is increasedc. be reduced as its selective advantage is decreasedd. disappear quickly as its selective advantage is increased
Sickle cell anemia is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder. Because individuals affected bysickle cell anemia have defective hemoglobin proteins, their blood cannot transport oxygenproperly. There appears to be a relationship between the incidence of malaria and sickle cellanemia. Individuals with sickle cell anemia and carriers of the sickle cell allele have someresistance to malaria. Malaria is caused by the parasite Plasmodium and is transmitted amonghumans by mosquitoes.4. If scientists are successful in reducing significantly or eliminating malaria, the best predictionfor what will happen to the allele for sickle cell anemia in the population is that it willa. not be affected by the elimination of malariab. increase as its selective advantage is increasedc. be reduced as its selective advantage is decreasedd. disappear quickly as its selective advantage is increased
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In a region of Africa, where malaria is prevalent, 40% of the population are found to have sickle-cell anemia. The disease is caused by an abnormal hemoglobin that is found in both homozygotes (S2S2) and heterozygotes (S1S2). Many homozygotes (S2S2) suffer from anemia and often die. Heterozygotes (S1S2) incur a much less debilitating malady called "sickling trait". Approximately 3% of the people with abnormal hemoglobin are homozygotes (1.2\% of the entire population). The fitness of the S2S2 homozygotes is only 1/4 that of the heterozygotes. Where malaria is prevalent, heterozygotes exhibit overdominance with respect to fitness. How would you calculate relative fitness of the S1S1 homozygotes if you're assuming the population is at an equilibrium frequency for S2?
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Astigmatism and polydactyly are dominant over normal vision and finger traits. Sickle-cell anemia on the other hand, is an overdominant lethal trait due to its recessive genes (ss). Individuals with this trait die prematurely. Heterozygotes (Ss), however, have some RBCs that sickle while others remain normal, thus, not lethal. They are referred to as sickle-trait carriers. A polydactylous, normal-visioned, brown-eyed man with wavy hair has a nonpolydactylous, blue-eyed mother. He proposed marriage to a nonpolydactylous, astigmatic, blue-eyed, and curly-haired lady whose mother has normal vision. However, the lady is worried about the proposal since sickle-cell anemia has been known to run in both their families. Is there a genetic basis for her worry? Explain.
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