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Some forms of tumors can be treated using proton therapy. The physics idea behind this biomedical technique is to design a machine that uses electric fields to accelerate a beam of protons to high velocities. These high speed protons strike the tumor and destroy it by impact. One way to ac- complish this is shown in the figure below where protons leak out with negligible speed from a hot oven. The exit speed of these protons should be 1.0 x 106 m/s in the direction shown. The distance be- tween the oven and plate B is given to be 5.0 m. The charge on a proton is 1.6 x 10-19 C and the mass of a proton is 1.7 x 10-27 kg. plate A plate B Ax = 10 m Oven vf = 1 x 10° m/s Positively charged ions leaking out (a) What must be the potential difference AVAB between the two plates A and B? Please express your final answer with the proper sign using only two significant figures. (b) Many therapies are switching to using carbon ions. A carbon ion is much heavier than a proton but since it is singly ionized, it carries the same charge as a proton. If you want the carbon ions to exit the machine with the same kinetic energy as the protons in the original experiment, should the po- tential difference between the plates be increased, decreased or remain the same? Please explain your reasoning without doing a calculation. (c) Suppose a hospital wants to make the machine more compact by reducing the distance between plates A and B to 1.0 m. If you want the protons to exit this compact machine with the same kinetic energy, should the potential difference between the two plates be increased, decreased, or remain the same? Please explain.

Some forms of tumors can be treated using proton therapy. The physics idea behind this biomedical technique is to design a machine that uses electric fields to accelerate a beam of protons to high velocities. These high speed protons strike the tumor and destroy it by impact. One way to ac- complish this is shown in the figure below where protons leak out with negligible speed from a hot oven. The exit speed of these protons should be 1.0 x 106 m/s in the direction shown. The distance be- tween the oven and plate B is given to be 5.0 m. The charge on a proton is 1.6 x 10-19 C and the mass of a proton is 1.7 x 10-27 kg. plate A plate B Ax = 10 m Oven vf = 1 x 10° m/s Positively charged ions leaking out (a) What must be the potential difference AVAB between the two plates A and B? Please express your final answer with the proper sign using only two significant figures. (b) Many therapies are switching to using carbon ions. A carbon ion is much heavier than a proton but since it is singly ionized, it carries the same charge as a proton. If you want the carbon ions to exit the machine with the same kinetic energy as the protons in the original experiment, should the po- tential difference between the plates be increased, decreased or remain the same? Please explain your reasoning without doing a calculation. (c) Suppose a hospital wants to make the machine more compact by reducing the distance between plates A and B to 1.0 m. If you want the protons to exit this compact machine with the same kinetic energy, should the potential difference between the two plates be increased, decreased, or remain the same? Please explain.

College Physics
College Physics
10th Edition
ISBN:9781285737027
Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Publisher:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Chapter16: Electrical Energy And Capacitance
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 8P: (a) Find the potential difference VB required to stop an electron (called a slopping potential)...
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Some forms of tumors can be treated using proton therapy. The physics idea behind this B. biomedical technique is to design a machine that uses electric fields to accelerate a beam of protons to high velocities. These high speed protons strike the tumor and destroy it by impact. One way to ac- complish this is shown in the figure below where protons leak out with negligible speed from a hot oven. The exit speed of these protons should be 1.0 × 106 m/s in the direction shown. The distance be- tween the oven and plate B is given to be 5.0 m. The charge on a proton is 1.6 x 10-19 C and the mass of a proton is 1.7 x 10-27 kg. plate A plate B Ax = 10 m Oven vg = 1 x 106 m/s Positively charged ions leaking out (a) What must be the potential difference AVAB between the two plates A and B? Please express your final answer with the proper sign using only two significant figures. (b) Many therapies are switching to using carbon ions. A carbon ion is much heavier than a proton but since it is singly ionized, it carries the same charge as a proton. If you want the carbon ions to exit the machine with the same kinetic energy as the protons in the original experiment, should the po- tential difference between the plates be increased, decreased or remain the same? Please explain your reasoning without doing a calculation. (c) Suppose a hospital wants to make the machine more compact by reducing the distance between plates A and B to 1.0 m. If you want the protons to exit this compact machine with the same kinetic energy, should the potential difference between the two plates be increased, decreased, or remain the same? Please explain.
Transcribed Image Text:Some forms of tumors can be treated using proton therapy. The physics idea behind this B. biomedical technique is to design a machine that uses electric fields to accelerate a beam of protons to high velocities. These high speed protons strike the tumor and destroy it by impact. One way to ac- complish this is shown in the figure below where protons leak out with negligible speed from a hot oven. The exit speed of these protons should be 1.0 × 106 m/s in the direction shown. The distance be- tween the oven and plate B is given to be 5.0 m. The charge on a proton is 1.6 x 10-19 C and the mass of a proton is 1.7 x 10-27 kg. plate A plate B Ax = 10 m Oven vg = 1 x 106 m/s Positively charged ions leaking out (a) What must be the potential difference AVAB between the two plates A and B? Please express your final answer with the proper sign using only two significant figures. (b) Many therapies are switching to using carbon ions. A carbon ion is much heavier than a proton but since it is singly ionized, it carries the same charge as a proton. If you want the carbon ions to exit the machine with the same kinetic energy as the protons in the original experiment, should the po- tential difference between the plates be increased, decreased or remain the same? Please explain your reasoning without doing a calculation. (c) Suppose a hospital wants to make the machine more compact by reducing the distance between plates A and B to 1.0 m. If you want the protons to exit this compact machine with the same kinetic energy, should the potential difference between the two plates be increased, decreased, or remain the same? Please explain.
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