B. Astronomers think that Earth probably formed at the same time as all of the other rocky materials in our solar system,including the oldest meteorites. The oldest meteorites ever found on Earth contain nearly equal amounts of both uranium-238 and lead-206. Based on Figure 8.10, what is Earth's age? Explain your reasoning. SOME ISOTOPES USED FOR RADIOMETRIC DATINGDaughterIsotope (D)Half-Lives (T½)Useful Dating RangeParentIsotope (P)Materials DatedNewly formedcrystalUranium-2384.5 billion years Zircon713 million years ZirconLead-206ages > 10 m.y.100Uranium-235Lead-207ages > 10 m.y.0000000oo0000015.9%decayed todaughterPotassium-40 Argon-40Biotite, muscovite,whole volcanic rock1.3 billion yearsages > 50,000 yrShells, limestone,organic materialsages 100-60,000 yrCarbon-14Nitrogen-145730 years84.129.3%decayed70.7ParentAtoms (P)000000000e50%decayedRADIOACTIVEDECAY50.0DaughterAtoms (D)25.075% decayed87.5%decayed12.593.8%decayed96.9%decayed6.23.11423456Half-Lives (T1) ElapsedDECAY PARAMETERS FOR ALL RADIOACTIVE DECAY PAIRSPercent ofParentAtoms (P)Percent ofDaughterAtoms (D)Half-LivesElapsedAge0.000 x T0.015 x T0.031 x Ty0.062 x Ty0.125 x T0.250 x T0.500 x T21.000 x Ty2100.00.098.91.11/6497.92.11/3295.84.21/1691.78.31/884.115.91/470.729.31/250.050.011'½1.500 x T,2.000 x T3.000 x T4.000 x Ty5.000 x Ty235.464.625.075.0212.587.536.293.843.196.9Percent of Parent (P) Atoms Remaining

The Uranium-238 radioactively disintegrates into Lead-206. The half life of this nuclear reaction is…

SOME ISOTOPES USED FOR RADIOMETRIC DATING Daughter Isotope (D) Useful Dating Range Newly formed crystal Parent Isotope (P) Half-Lives (T,) Materials Dated 100 Uranium-238 Lead-206 4.5 billion years Zircon ages > 10 m.y. Uranium-235 Lead-207 713 million years Zircon |15.9% daughter 1.3 billion years Biotite, muscovite, whole volcanic rock ages > 10 m.y. ages > 50,000 yr Potassium-40 Argon-40 000 ecayed to Shells, limestone, organic materials Carbon-14 Nitrogen-14 5730 years ages 100-60,000 yr 84.1 29.3% decayed 70.7 Parent Atoms (P) RADIOACTIVE DECAY 50.0 50% decayed Daughter Atoms (D) 25.0 75% decayed 87.5% decayed 12.5 93.8% decayed 96.9% decayed 6.2 3.1 2 3 Half-Lives (T,) Elapsed DECAY PARAMETERS FOR ALL RADIOACTIVE DECAY PAIRS Percent of Parent Atoms (P) Percent of Daughter Atoms (D) Half-Lives Elapsed Age 0.000 x T 0.015 x T 0.031 x Ty 0.062 x T 0.125 x T 0.250 x Ty 100.0 0.0 98.9 1.1 1/64 97.9 2.1 1/32 95.8 4.2 1/16 91.7 8.3 1/8 84.1 15.9 1/4 70.7 29.3 1/2 0.500 x Ty. 1.000 x T 1.500 x T 2.000 x T, 3.000 x T, 4.000 x T 5.000 x T 50.0 50.0 35.4 64.6 1'½ 25.0 75.0 2 12.5 87.5 3 6.2 93.8 4 3.1 96.9 Percent of Parent (P) Atoms Remaining

SOME ISOTOPES USED FOR RADIOMETRIC DATING Daughter Isotope (D) Useful Dating Range Newly formed crystal Parent Isotope (P) Half-Lives (T,) Materials Dated 100 Uranium-238 Lead-206 4.5 billion years Zircon ages > 10 m.y. Uranium-235 Lead-207 713 million years Zircon |15.9% daughter 1.3 billion years Biotite, muscovite, whole volcanic rock ages > 10 m.y. ages > 50,000 yr Potassium-40 Argon-40 000 ecayed to Shells, limestone, organic materials Carbon-14 Nitrogen-14 5730 years ages 100-60,000 yr 84.1 29.3% decayed 70.7 Parent Atoms (P) RADIOACTIVE DECAY 50.0 50% decayed Daughter Atoms (D) 25.0 75% decayed 87.5% decayed 12.5 93.8% decayed 96.9% decayed 6.2 3.1 2 3 Half-Lives (T,) Elapsed DECAY PARAMETERS FOR ALL RADIOACTIVE DECAY PAIRS Percent of Parent Atoms (P) Percent of Daughter Atoms (D) Half-Lives Elapsed Age 0.000 x T 0.015 x T 0.031 x Ty 0.062 x T 0.125 x T 0.250 x Ty 100.0 0.0 98.9 1.1 1/64 97.9 2.1 1/32 95.8 4.2 1/16 91.7 8.3 1/8 84.1 15.9 1/4 70.7 29.3 1/2 0.500 x Ty. 1.000 x T 1.500 x T 2.000 x T, 3.000 x T, 4.000 x T 5.000 x T 50.0 50.0 35.4 64.6 1'½ 25.0 75.0 2 12.5 87.5 3 6.2 93.8 4 3.1 96.9 Percent of Parent (P) Atoms Remaining

An Introduction to Physical Science

14th Edition

ISBN:9781305079137

Author:James Shipman, Jerry D. Wilson, Charles A. Higgins, Omar Torres

Publisher:James Shipman, Jerry D. Wilson, Charles A. Higgins, Omar Torres

Chapter24: Geologic Time

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1VC

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