Sucrose transport within a cell occurs down its concentration gradient. How would sucrose transport most likely be affected upon treatment with non-hydrolyzable ATP? Sucrose would not bind to its transporter The transporter would not reset after one round of sucrose transport None of the answers are correct Sucrose would bind to the transporter, but would not enter the cell Sucrose transport would not be affected
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- Cells transporting substances across their membranes is essential. Choose TWO of the following types of cellular transport. ๏osmosis ๏active transport ๏facilitated diffusion ๏endocytosis / exocytosis (a)For each type of transport you choose, describe the transport process. Explain how the organization of cell membrane plays a role the movement of specific molecules across membrane. (b)Using the same transport types, identify a specific cell that utilizes that type of transit (i.e. one cell for each transport type, or two different cell examples), and detail a substance that is transferred. (c)A typical human lymphocyte has a radius of about 10 μm, while a typical bacterium (e.g., S. pneumoniae) has a radius of about 1 μm. Assuming that both cell types are perfectly spherical, compare and contrastthe transport mechanisms for each of these cells.Select the correct statments regarding transport of molecules across the cell membrane. Non-mediated transport is susceptible to saturation of transporter/channel proteins. Channels and transporters need not use energy to transport solute down the concentration gradient. The Na+/K+ antiport takes advantage of electrochemical gradients to exchange Na+ and K+ ions across the cell membrane. Active transport via electrochemical gradients relies on the passive transport of one solute to transport a second solute against the concentration gradient. Describe the three main sources of membrane fluidityVesicle transport occurs between the ER and the Golgi in bothdirections. Let’s suppose a researcher added a drug to cells thatinhibited vesicle transport from the Golgi to the ER but did not affectvesicle transport from the ER to the Golgi. If you observed cellsmicroscopically after the drug was added, what would you expect to seehappen over the course of 1 hour?a. The ER would get smaller, and the Golgi would get larger.b. The ER would get larger, and the Golgi would get smaller.c. The ER and Golgi would stay the same size.d. Both the ER and Golgi would get larger.e. Both the ER and Golgi would get smaller
- Various types of vesicle coats have been implicated in membrane traffic pathways suchas endocytosis, export from the ER to the Golgi, and transport between Golgicisternae. But so far, no coat has been identified for the secretory vesicles that carrymaterial from the Golgi to the plasma membrane. Do you think such a coat is likely toexist? Justify your answer.Describe the effect of a blocker of cellular ATP production (e.g. anoxia plus sodium fluoride) on transport rate of ZZZ if transport occurs by active transport, simple diffusion and protein-mediated diffusionTransportation by transporters and channels are similar in that they both can occur with passive transport but yet one (transport by transporters) sometimes requires energy in order to happen, does the use of energy provide something special to the cell?
- Ion transporters are “linked” together—not physi-cally, but as a consequence of their actions. For example,cells can raise their intracellular pH, when it becomes tooacidic, by exchanging external Na+ for internal H+, usinga Na+–H+ antiporter. The change in internal Na+ is thenredressed using the Na+-K+ pump.A. Can these two transporters, operating together,normalize both the H+ and the Na+ concentrations insidethe cell?B. Does the linked action of these two pumps causeimbalances in either the K+ concentration or the mem-brane potential? Why or why not?Glucose transport across cell membranes varies depending upon blood glucose levels. When glucose levels are high, glucose transport is accomplished via membrane transporters. When glucose concentrations are low, the transport of glucose across the membrane is dependent upon the sodium ion concentration. What types of transport is observed for glucose? A)simple diffusion at high [glucose], secondary active transport at low [glucose] B)facilitated diffusion at high [glucose], secondary active transport at low [glucose] C)simple diffusion at high [glucose], primary active transport at low [glucose] D)facilitated diffusion at high [glucose], primary active transport at low [glucose]which surface to volume ratio woud be the most efficient for transmembrane transport of substance in cells
- Cells of Escherichia coli transport lactose via lac permease,glucose via the phosphotransferase system, and maltose viaan ABC-type transporter. For each of these sugars describe:(1) the components of the transport system and (2) the sourceof energy that drives the transport event.The membrane transport protein Na+-K+ ATPase carries both Na+ and K+ ions across the plasma membrane. Typically the concentration of K+ inside cells is about 30 times higher inside the cell than outside. The concentration of Na+ is about 20 times less inside the cell than outside. Based on this information, which statement below is false? A. The proper functioning of Na+-K+ ATPase could serve as an energy source for secondary active transport proteins. B. It is a symport. C. Transport of Na+ and K+ must be coupled to an exergonic reaction. D. Na+-K+ ATPase likely undergoes conformational changes during transport.The three fundamental classes of proteins involved in transport across membranes are: i) channelsii) pumpsiii) exchangers For each class, describe its essential features, explain how transport is accomplished and name at least one representative example.