Suppose a competitive market has a horizontal long- run supply curve and is in long-run equilibrium. If demand decreases, we can be cetain that in the short- run, a. at least some firms will shut down b. price will fall below marginal cost for some firms. c. price will fall below average total cost for some firms. d. at least some firms will enter the industry.
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- A market in perfect competition is in long-run equilibrium. What happens to the market if labor unions are able to increase wages for workers?Since a perfectly competitive firm can sell as much as it wishes at the market price, why can the firm not simply increase its profits by selling an extremely high quantity?If new technology in a perfectly competitive market brings about a substantial reduction in costs of production, how will this affect the market?
- (a) What are the basic assumptions that need to be satisfied for a market to be called perfectly competitive? List them one after the other. (b) What must be satisfied (in the general case) for a firm to be maximizing profit in the short run? (That is, what condition must hold at the profit-maximizing output level for a general firm in the short run?)a) What is the profit maximising condition in a market with perfect competition?b) Explain what is meant by abnormal profit? What is the adjustment process from short-run abnormal profit to long-run equilibrium in a perfectly competitive market?c) Please find below Pricing options for firm A and B, along with individual payoffs (Firm A’s payoff/Firm B’s payoff)Firm BFirm APrice £2 Price £1Price £2 £20,000/£20,000 £10,000/£24,000Price £1 £24,000/£10,000 £12,000/£12,000Assume you are the pricing manager at Firm A;i) What is your payoff for a ‘maximin’ strategy?ii) What is your payoff for a ‘maximax’ strategy?iii) Does a dominant strategy exist within this prisoners’ dilemma?(a) Why the competitive firm faces a relatively horizontal demand curve. (b) The profit maximization rule for a perfectly competitive firm states that the perfectly competitive firm will maximize its profits when it produces that quantity where marginal revenue equals marginal cost for the last unit produced and sold. In your own words explain why the firm is better off producing that quantity where MR = MC rather than that quantity where MR > MC or that quantity where MR < MC. (c) Should a firm shut down and why if its revenue is R=$ 1, 000. Its variable cost VC=$ 500 and its sunk fixed cost is F= $ 600. Its variable cost VC=$ 1, 500 and its sunk fixed cost is F= $ 500.
- Suppose the short-run demand for a product is give byQD= 200−2P. Supposethe short-run supply curve isQD= 3P−50. (a) What is the market clearing, or competitive equilibrium price and quan-tity. (b) If the existing firms’ average total cost is 40, and the industry is a perfectlycompetitive, constant returns to scale industry, in the long run willpricerise or all? Explain.A market is in long-run equilibrium and firms in this market have identical cost structures suppose demand in this market decreases. Which of the folowing are coreet descriptors of what happens to tho individual firms and the whole market as the market fist leaves and then returns to long-run equilibrium? Instructions: You may select more than one answer cick the box with a check mark for correct answers and dick to empty the box for the wrong answers. 0 Market proe will decrease in the longrun. O Market quantity will remain the same in the long-run. O Individual firms' profit maximizing output will decrease in the long run. O Firms will exit the market inthe long run. O Individual firms' profit maximizing output wil decrease in the shon-nun. O Market quantity decrease in the long run. o Firms win enter into the market in the long run. O Market price wil decrease in the short-run. References eBook & Resources Leaming objective: 13-08 Calculato the Section Responding…Answer the following, providing a graphical illustration along with your answer where necessary:a) What is the profit maximising condition in a market with perfect competition?b) Explain what is meant by abnormal profit? What is the adjustment process from short-runabnormal profit to long-run equilibrium in a perfectly competitive market?c) Please find below Pricing options for firm A and B, along with individual payoffs (Firm A’spayoff/Firm B’s payoff)Firm BFirm APrice £2 Price £1Price £2 £20,000/£20,000 £10,000/£24,000Price £1 £24,000/£10,000 £12,000/£12,000Assume you are the pricing manager at Firm A;i) What is your payoff for a ‘maximin’ strategy?ii) What is your payoff for a ‘maximax’ strategy?iii) Does a dominant strategy exist within this prisoners’ dilemma? QUESTION A AND B ALREADY SOLVED, FROM C ONLY !!!
- Answer the following, providing a graphical illustration along with your answer where necessary:a) What is the profit maximising condition in a market with perfect competition?b) Explain what is meant by abnormal profit? What is the adjustment process from short-runabnormal profit to long-run equilibrium in a perfectly competitive market?c) Please find below Pricing options for firm A and B, along with individual payoffs (Firm A’spayoff/Firm B’s payoff)Firm BFirm APrice £2 Price £1Price £2 £20,000/£20,000 £10,000/£24,000Price £1 £24,000/£10,000 £12,000/£12,000Assume you are the pricing manager at Firm A;i) What is your payoff for a ‘maximin’ strategy?ii) What is your payoff for a ‘maximax’ strategy?iii) Does a dominant strategy exist within this prisoners’ dilemma?A perfectly competitive firm faces the short-run cost schedule shown in Table (a)Calculate average total cost (ATC=TC/Q), marginal cost (MC=ATC/AQ) and marginal revenue (MR-ATR/AQ) for each level of output. The price per unit of output is £16 b) Plot ATC, MC and MR on a graph and mark the profit-maximising output. At what output is profit maximised? c) How much profit/loss is made at the optimum level of output? Assume market price declines to £9 per unit. If the firm's average variable cost is £9.5, should the firm shut down in the short run? In the long run? Explain. If the firm is typical of other firms, what price will it charge in the long run? Explain.a. Why is the marginal revenue of a perfectly competitive firm equal to the market price? b. Would a perfectly competitive firm produce if price were less than the minimum level of average variable cost? Why?