Suppose a municipality were considering a ban on sugary soft drinks. They estimate that 20% of the obesity in the city can be attributed to sugary soft drinks, and thus the ban would be expected to reduce obesity by 20%, citywide. Which measure corresponds to '20%? a. Odds ratio b. Population attributable proportion
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Suppose a municipality were considering a ban on sugary soft drinks. They estimate that 20% of the obesity in the city can be attributed to sugary soft drinks, and thus the ban would be expected to reduce obesity by 20%, citywide. Which measure corresponds to '20%?
a. Odds ratio
b. Population attributable proportion
c. Cumulative incidence
d. Relative risk
e. Risk difference
f. Attributable risk among the exposed
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- Suppose there are two types of people, high ability and low ability. A high-ability person's productivity is valued at wH = $100,000, while a low-ability person's productivity is valued at wL = $50,000. Assume that the employer does not know the ability of a job applicant, but knows that the probability of an applicant being high ability is 50%. Assume next that only high ability applicants can send a signal, i.e., obtain a degree. The employer pays the expected wage. i. What is the wage oer in a pooling equilibrium (no applicant attains a degree)? ii. What is the wage oer in a separating equilibrium (only high-ability applicants attain a degree)? iii. Suppose now both types can attain a degree, but it is costlier to attain for low-ability people and costs them cL = $60,000, while it costs high-ability people cH = $40,000. Is a separating equilibrium where only high-ability people send education as a signal possible? Explain.Government provided social insurance is most beneficial in the cases where the probability of adverse events is _____ to calculate and the costs of the adverse events are _____. a.hard/low b.easy/high c.easy/low d.hard/highSuppose in a given state's new insurance marketplace, with community rating and no restrictions on who can buy at the community rate, the risk pool (distribution of expected health costs) is as follows: 30% of eligible enrollees' expected health costs = $1,000 (per year)65% of eligible enrollees' expected health costs = $2,0005% of eligible enrollees' expected health costs = $10,000 Now suppose one insurer, and one insurer only, were allowed to offer any premium it wanted to any potential buyer and to exclude those it did not want to cover? What premium would they likely charge and who would they sell to and who would they exclude? What would happen to the other insurers? Does this help you see why the ACA was written to apply to all insurers?
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- In the RAND study, two plans had full coverage for spending within the hospital, but one had a $150 deductible for ambulatory care. Th e plan with the ambulatory care deductible had a lower probability of hospital admission (0.115) per year than did the plan with full coverage for everything (0.128), even though both plans covered hospital care fully. (See Table) What does this tell you about the use of hospital and ambulatory. Plan Admissionsper Year Inpatient Cost(1984 Dollars) C = 0 0.128 409 C=0.5 0.092 450 C=0.95 0.099 315 $150 individual deductible 0.115 373Setup from Question 1) An expected utility maximiser owns a car worth £60000 and has a bank account with £20000. The money in the bank is safe, but there is a 50% probability that the car will be stolen. The utility of wealth for the agent is u(y)=ln(y) and they have no other assets. Setup from question 2)Consider the setup from Question 1. A risk-neutral insurance company is willing to insure the car at the premium of π=£2/3 for every one pound of coverage. Question 3:Calculate absolute and relative risk aversion for U(x)=ln(x) and U(x)=-e-x where wealth is (w)