Suppose long-run potential GDP is $10 trillion in 2023, and actual measured GDP in 2023 turns out to be $9.5 trillion. (a) Calculate the short-run output as defined in our course, Ỹ. (b) Is the economy considered in recession in 2023? Explain why or why not. (c) Briefly explain what the Fed can do to bring short-run GDP to the potential level in 2024, using the short-run model we studied in the second half of the course
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Suppose long-run potential GDP is $10 trillion in 2023, and actual measured GDP in 2023 turns out to be $9.5 trillion.
(a) Calculate the short-run output as defined in our course, Ỹ.
(b) Is the economy considered in recession in 2023? Explain why or why not.
(c) Briefly explain what the Fed can do to bring short-run GDP to the potential level in 2024,
using the short-run model we studied in the second half of the course.
Step by step
Solved in 5 steps
- Now, suppose the economy is back in long-run equilibrium, and then the price of imported oil rises. 1. On the following graph, shift a curve or adjust the point to reflect the short-run effect of the increase in the price of oil. (Please use the image attached) 2. True or False: If the Fed undertakes expansionary monetary policy, it can return the economy to its original inflation rate but the unemployment rate will be higher.The economy begins in long-run equilibrium. Then one day, the president appoints a new Fed chair. This new chair is well known for her view that inflation is not a major problem for an economy. a. How would this news affect the price level that people expect to prevail? b. How would this change in the expected price level affect the nominal wage that workers and firms agree to in their new labor contracts? c. How would this change in the nominal wage affect the profitability of producing goods and services at any given price level?Assume Canadian consumers expect future income to rise. Starting from the natural rate of output, explain with a graph how this expectation will affect the interest rate, inflation rate and real GDP in the short-run. Also show and explain how the bank of Canada can help take the inflation rate back to its original target?
- 39 Which of the following will cause a shift in the short-run aggregate supply curve? a.An increase in government spending b.A change in expected inflation c.Unanticipated inflation d.A change in investment e.A decrease in government spendingPQ 16 According to the New Classical economists, with rational expectations, aan increase in the money supply will a. lead only to an increase in prices in both the short run and the long run b. lea to an increase in the equilibrium level of income in the short run but to no change in the equilibrium level of income in the long run. c. lead to a fall in prices but no change in money wages d. lead to a rightward shift in the long run aggregate supply curve.Assume that the economy is initially in equilibrium at potential GDP. Then suppose that the economy is hit simultaneously with a positive aggregate demand shock and a negative aggregate supply shock: There is a large increase in U.S. exports to Europe and a large increase in oil prices. A: Use an AD–AS graph to illustrate the initial equilibrium and the short-run equilibrium after the shocks. Do we know with certainty whether in the new equilibrium the output level will be higher or lower than potential GDP? B: Suppose that the Fed decides not to intervene with monetary policy. Show how the economy will adjust back to long-run equilibrium. C: Now suppose that the Fed decides to intervene with monetary policy. If the Fed’s policy is successful, show how the economy adjusts back to long-run equilibrium.
- 13) For this question, assume that the Fed sets monetary policy according to the Taylor rule. Suppose current U.S. macroeconomic conditions are represented by the following: π = π?* and u > un. Given this information, we would expect that the Fed will A) implement a monetary contraction. B) implement a monetary expansion. C) maintain its current stance of monetary policy. D) more information is need to answer this question.Suppose government spending increase. Would the effect on aggregate demand be larger if the Federal Reserve held the money supply constant in response or if the Fed were committed to maintaining a fixed interest rate? Explain. Suppose a wave of business pessimism reduces aggregate demand. Show the effect of this shock on your diagram from part a. If the Fed undertakes expansionary monetary policy, can it return the economy to its original inflation rate and original unemployment rate? Now suppose the economy is back in long-run equilibrium and then the price of imported oil rises. Show the effect of this shock with a new diagram like that in part a. If the Fed undertakes expansionary monetary policy, can it return the economy to its original inflation rate and original unemployment rate? If the Fed undertakes contractionary monetary policy, can it return the economy to its original inflation rate and original unemployment rate? Explain why this situation differs from that…137.) If residents are myopic, an increase in “worthless” government spending, financed by higher current taxes will cause Lower output and higher prices in the short run A rise in aggregate demand, and thus higher output in the long run A decrease in aggregate demand None of the above
- The outbreak of COVID-19 adversely attacks most economies. Some economists argue that the impacts on the macroeconomy mainly come from the reduction in consumption and investment appetite. Last Year This Year Annualized economic growth rate 4% -6% Unemployment rate 5% 8% Inflation rate 2% 5% Briefly discuss one plausible short-run dilemma facing the central bank of Country X.1. We have discussed two models that describe the relationship between inflation and economic growth. Which of the following is a property of the New Keynesian Model but NOT the Real Business Cycle (RBC) Model? a) Monetary policy has no effect on long run economic growth b) Recessions can be caused by a fall in aggregate demand. c) Prices are fully flexible in both the short and long run. d) All the above are properties of the RBC model. e) None of the above are properties of the New Keynesian model. 2. Consider both/either model of inflation and economic growth. In the long run, lower rates of money supply growth result in: a) higher GDP growth. b) lower GDP growth. c) higher inflation. d) lower velocity growth. e) lower inflation. 3. In the RBC model, if you observe unemployment levels rising, what is the likely cause? a) A negative real shock b) A negative aggregate demand shock c) A negative SRAS shock d) A&B only e) None of the aboveSuppose the economy is in long-run equilibrium with GDP approaching $23T and the unemployment rate is approaching 4%. Now, let's say that the Fed has decided to decrease the money supply by 6%! The Fed proposes this move by raising the Prime Rate from the current 3.25 to 4.00 and to sell a new trunk or class of 30-year Treasury Bonds. This was not expected! What might be the short and long run effects on the economy as a whole if this were to take place? What happens to the inflation rate? What happens with unemployment? Like I said, this was actually expected that the Fed might take some sort of constriction action to stave off reduce inflation and to strengthen the money supply. However, President Biden, Congress and the Treasury Department had hoped for no contraction of the money supply until 2023.