Suppose that a Bayesian spam filter is trained on a set of 2000 spam messages and 1000 messages that are not spam. The word "lifetime" appears in 350 spam messages and 15 messages that are not spam. Would an incoming message be rejected as spam if it contains the word "lifetime" and the threshold for rejecting a message is 0.9? (Yes/No)
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- If a study determines the difference in average salary for subpopulations of people with blue eyes and people with brown eyes is NOT significant, then the populations of blue-eyed people and brown-eyed people are ________ different salaries. a) unlikely to have b) very unlikely to have c) guaranteed to have d) guaranteed to not haveA research article on the effect of multitasking on grade performance describes an experiment in which 62 undergraduate business students were randomly assigned to one of two experimental groups. Students in one group were asked to listen to a lecture but were told that they were permitted to use cell phones to send text messages during the lecture. Students in the second group listened to the same lecture but were not permitted to send text messages. Afterwards, students in both groups took a quiz on material covered in the lecture. Data from this experiment are summarized in the accompanying table.In Colorado, there is a large group of deer that spend their summer months in a region on one side of a highway and survive the winter months in a lower region on the other side. To determine if the highway has disturbed deer migration to the winter feeding area, the following data were gathered on a random sample of 10 wilderness districts in the winter feeding area. Row B represents the average January deer count for a 5-year period before the highway was built, and row A represents the average January deer count for a 5-year period after the highway was built. The highway department claims that the January population has not changed. Test this claim against the claim that the January population has dropped. Use a 5% level of significance. Units used in the table are hundreds of deer. (Let d = B − A.) Wilderness District 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 B: Before highway 10.1 7.2 12.9 5.6 17.4 9.9 20.5 16.2 18.9 11.6 A: After highway 9.3 8.4 10.2 4.1 4.0 7.1 15.2 8.3 12.2 7.3 What…
- The University is considering changing the email system that they currently use. Since there are substantial learning costs associated with any new software, the University only wants to change to the new system if it is very confident that there is at least a 20% difference in the proportion of faculty and staff who say they like the new system. In a sample of 120 users of the current system, the University finds that 65 say they like the current system. In another sample of 90 experimental users of the “new” system, the University finds that 70 of them like the new system. When testing the hypothesis (using a 5% level of significance) that there is at least a 20% difference in the proportion of users who like the two systems, the p-value is .2943; what is your conclusion concerning the null hypothesis? Reject the null hypothesis Fail to reject the null hypothesisSection 9.1 Question #4 Since an instant replay system for tennis was introduced at a major tournament, men challenged 1386 referee calls, with the result that 429 of the calls were overturned. Women challenged 758 referee calls, and 212 of the calls were overturned. Use a 0.01 significance level to test the claim that men and women have equal success in challenging calls. Complete parts (a) through (c) below. a. Test the claim using a hypothesis test. Consider the first sample to be the sample of male tennis players who challenged referee calls and the second sample to be the sample of female tennis players who challenged referee calls. What are the null and alternative hypotheses for the hypothesis test? A. H0: p1=p2 H1: p1 ≠ p2 B. H0: p1 ≥ p2 H1: p1 ≠ p2 C. H0: p1 ≤ p2 H1: p1 ≠ p2 D. H0: p1 ≠ p2 H1: p1 = p2 E. H0: p1 = p2 H1: p1 > p2 F. H0: p1=p2 H1: p1 < p2 Identify the test statistic. z= ____________ (Round to two decimal…A developmental psychologist is studying bonding between healthy newborn babies and immediate family members. He wants to know if one-week-old infants use smell to recognize their fathers. To investigate, he selects a random sample of one-week-old infants. Each infant is presented with a garment worn by his or her father and two garments worn by unrelated men. The psychologist observes which garment each of the infants orients toward. The resulting data are summarized in the following table that shows the number of infants who oriented toward each of the three garments. What is are the degrees of freedom for this experiment? 4 3 1 2
- Question 6A multinational corporation is conducting a study to see how its employees in five different countries respond to three gifts in an incentivescheme. The numbers of employees who choose each of the three gifts(G1 to G3) in each of the five countries (A to E) are given in the tablein ‘Dataset6’ in the Excel document.1. Set up the structure of an appropriate statistical test to determine whether the data supports a link between choice of gift andcountry, including the statistic to be used.2. Carry out this test, showing clearly in your work how the expectedvalues are calculated for your test statistic. G1 G2 G3 A 5 17 19 B 8 20 19 C 11 16 25 D 12 19 30 E 13 20 28A researcher uses an anonymous survey to track the number of salmon caught in Gaspe. Based on a set of 115 surveys distributed to a select few of the many hundreds of anglers who fished Gaspe, it was determined that anglers caught an average of 2.3 salmon per week. For this study, the average of 2.3 salmon per week is an example of which one statistic parameter. population sampleSuppose a sample of 950 men found that 642 of them favored the death penalty for capital murder convictions while a sample of 810 women found that 405 of them favored the death penalty for capital murder convictions. Test the claim using a signifiance level of 0.05 that the proportion of men favoring the death penalty is greater tha nthe proportion of women favoring the death penalty. Let p1 = proportion of men favoring the death penalty Let p2 = proportion of women favoring the death penalty Answer the following questions below based upon the above data and the definitions of p1 and p2 Which group of statements correctly describe the Claim, the Null Hypothesis, and the Alternative Hypothesis:
- Suppose a sample of 950 men found that 642 of them favored the death penalty for capital murder convictions while a sample of 810 women found that 405 of them favored the death penalty for capital murder convictions. Test the claim using a signifiance level of 0.05 that the proportion of men favoring the death penalty is greater tha nthe proportion of women favoring the death penalty. Let p1 = proportion of men favoring the death penalty Let p2 = proportion of women favoring the death penalty Answer the following questions below based upon the above data and the definitions of p1 and p2 a) What is the type of Test? b) What is/are the critical values(s) c) What is the value of the test statistic? d) What is the decision? e) What is the conclusion?A recent study claims that using music in a class enhances concentration and consequently helps students absorb more information. A researcherdecided to test this claim on a smaller group of randomly selected students from three different classes. Each classroom was provided with a different environment for students to study. Classroom A had constant music being played in the background, classroom B had variable music being played and classroom C was a regular class with no music playing. After one month, the researcher conducted a test for all the three groups and ranked their scores. What statistical test would be most appropriate for testing the research hypothesis? Explain your answer.The University is considering changing the email system that they currently use. Since there are substantial learning costs associated with any new software, the University only wants to change to the new system if it is very confident that there is at least a 20% difference in the proportion of faculty and staff who say they like the new system. In a sample of 140 users of the current system, the University finds that 75 say they like the current system. In another sample of 85 experimental users of the “new” system, the University finds that 72 of them like the new system. When testing the hypothesis (using a 5% level of significance) that there is at least a 20% difference in the proportion of users who like the two systems, what is the null and alternative hypothesis?