Q: In Griffith's experiment, the S type bacteria are harmless, but can be transformed into the…
A: In Griffith's experiment, there was a mix of heat-killed S-strain bacteria with live, harmless…
Q: What is the main problem with retroviral vectors?
A: Retroviral vectors are created by removing replication and disease-causing genes from the virus and…
Q: What were some of the conclusions of the Griffith experiment on streptococcus pneumonia? Why was…
A: Griffith's experiment, published in 1928 by Frederick Griffith, was the first to propose that…
Q: Indicate whether each statement applies to the lytic or lysogenic cycle of phage A, or to both. 1.…
A: The cyclic reproduction mechanism, by which virulent bacteriophage produces progeny virus by…
Q: Compare and contrast the lysogenic and lytic cycles of phage λ.
A: Phage lambda is a bacteriophage which infects E.coli bacteria. Bacteriophages are the viruses that…
Q: How did clone USA300 and other strains of MRSA become so dangerous?
A: The reason is;
Q: briefly describe four explanations why E. coli phages can only infect E. coli cells, but not other…
A: Question - briefly describe four explanation why E.coli phage can only infect E.coli cells, but not…
Q: You are given two strains of E. coli. The Hfr strain is arg+ ala+ glu+ pro+ leu+ T s; the F− strain…
A: F- Strain susceptible to Pen but ltfr strain resistant So, ltfr strain must be the time it has per r…
Q: A conjugation-deficient strain of A. radiobacter is used to combat crown gall disease. Explain how…
A: Disease: When an organism’s body system does not work properly or any organ affects by viruses,…
Q: What are the reasons why bacteriophage does not infect a bacteria
A: A virus that infect bacteria are known as bacteriophage.
Q: Please give reasons why bacteriophage would not infect a bacteria
A: Bacteria are unicellular microscopic organisms that live in wide variety of environment. Bacteria…
Q: The “O157:H7” of E. coli O157:H7 refers to thea) biotype. b) serotype. c) phage…
A: The E.coli is the most commonly studied bacteria for many of the study purposes and research works.…
Q: what is the explanation for bacteriophage specificity when it comes to infecting specific bacterium
A: A bacteriophage is a virus that infects bacteria and archaea and replicates within them. They are…
Q: DNA Ligase, used in recombinant DNA technology is obtained froma) E.coli onlyb) E.coli and also…
A: Recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology: It’s a process in which we genetically modify or alter the…
Q: Why the synergy test results demonstrated that Penicillin G and Gentamicin did not act…
A: In the development of antibacterial drugs, when two or more drugs are tested together…
Q: Why are single-stranded binding (SSB) proteins required?
A: SSBs are nucleoproteins that can be found in bacteria, bacteria, and animals. When opposed to…
Q: You are studying your favorite (hypothetical) bacteriophage named M277. It infects E. coli and stays…
A: *Viruses are specific in their species and they will effect every species on earth *The lytic cycle…
Q: Is E.coli resistant to the antibiotic produced from the S. griseus strain?
A: Antibiotic resistance develops in bacteria by transferring an antibiotic-resistant gene from…
Q: E. coli
A: Bacterial Strain LE392 is used for both genomic and cDNA cloning. LE392 lacks the E. coli K…
Q: Two mutations that affect plaque morphology in phages (a− and b −) have been isolated. Phages…
A: Plaque phenotype numbers are: a+ b+ 2043 a+ b- 320 a- b+ 357 a- b- 2134…
Q: Intense fever, shock, and other symptoms occur in some gram-positive bacterial infections due to:…
A: Gram-positive bacteria are characterized by their thick walls of peptidoglycan. They stain red or…
Q: True or False: Hybridoma cells are used to produceantigens designed to attack one and only one site…
A: The monoclonal antibodies are used in the forensic test kits. Most of the immunoassay test kits for…
Q: In order to determine the genetic material of a T2 phage, Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase conducted…
A: The proteins holding a more complex nature than DNA was thought to be the carried genetic…
Q: A bacteriophage λ is found that is able to lysogenize itsE. coli host at 30°C but not at 42°C. What…
A: Introduction Viruses have two types of life cycles either the Lytic cycle or the Lysogenic life…
Q: How might genes, such as those responsible for drug resistance, be transferred between bacterial…
A: According to the question, we have to explain the process by which the genes, responsible for drug…
Q: Phage M13 has often been used for Select one: a. phage display b. generalized transduction O c.…
A: Virus that infects bacteria are called phages. M13 is a filamentous phage consisting of ss DNA. They…
Q: Which conclusions are consistent with these data? Why? A) Strains A and B carry mutations in the…
A: Answer :- Option (C) is correct. - Strains B, C, and D carry mutations in the same gene.
Q: When bacteriophage P1 causes E. coli to lyse, the resulting materialis called a P1 lysate. What type…
A: Transduction is the process by which a virus transfers genetic material from one bacterium to…
Q: E. coli cells are simultaneously infected with two strains of phage λ. One strain has a mutant host…
A: A gene is a stretch of nucleotides present in the DNA molecule. It encodes information for the…
Q: If Microbe A and Microbe B have whole genome similarity of 68%, as determined by DNA-DNA…
A: DNA full form is deoxyribonucleic acid. DNA is the main constituent of the chromosome. It contains…
Q: describe how the exercise of streaking a loop full of lytic T4-phage suspension over a petri dish…
A: Bacteriophages are viruses that specifically infect bacteria; each bacteriophage has a specific…
Q: Determine the coefficient of coincidence and the interference
A: Coefficient of coincidence is the ratio between number of observed by number of expected double…
Q: When various strains of λ phage are seeded on a lawn of E. coli, they can form clear or turbid…
A: The Operon is the regulatory system present in DNA in cluster form, which contains structural genes…
Q: Escherichia coli DNA sequence that cc
A:
Q: To which phage types was this strain of S. aureus susceptible?
A: Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive bacterium. It has a cocci morphology and forms grape-like…
Q: Is pseudomonas cannabina a fastidious or non fastidious organism? What class of disease it can…
A: pseudomonas cannabina is a bacteria. It is aerobic and motile. Fastidious organisms are those which…
Q: Compare and contrast conjugation involving an F+ donor, an Hfr strain, and an F' donor.
A: Microorganisms are minute sized organisms that are invisible to the naked eye. Bacteria is a class…
Q: Can a bacteriophage infect a human?
A: The micro-organism is the organism that is too small to be seen with the naked eye. It is viewed by…
Q: How does Escherichia coli O157:H7 end up in groundbeef? To what class of pathogenic E. coli does…
A: Escherichia coli is a common bacteria which primarily resides in the gastrointestinal tract of…
Q: Discuss bacterial conjugation and the three mating types of bacteria (F-, F+, and Hfr).
A: Transfer of genes in prokaryotes occurs through horizontal gene transfer mechanisms such as…
Q: Describe the growth pathway the bacteriophage lambda will take when used to infect a mid-log-phase…
A: A bacteriophage is a virus that causes bacteria to become infected. Since bacteriophages consume…
Q: A mutation that provides a bacterium with resistance to an antibiotic will be beneficial in…
A: Antibiotic resistance occurs in a bacteria when there is no effect on a particular antibiotic on it,…
Q: In order to determine the genetic material of a T2 phage, Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase conducted…
A: Phosphorus and sulfur both are the elements that cycle through the biotic and abiotic parts of an…
Q: What are the implications of mutation to Pseudomonas aeruginosa as a pathogenic strain
A: Introduction P. aeruginosa is a pathogen known to cause severe diseases in a variety of hosts. It…
Q: In conjugation of a Hfr cell with an F- cell: a) the container cell becomes F + b) The container…
A: Conjugation is the process by which genetic material, i.e., DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), transfers…
Q: Define the following terms:a. transpositionb. transposable elementc. bacterial transformationd.…
A: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is one of the major nucleic acids made up of polynucleotide chains that…
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps
- A conjugation-deficient strain of A. radiobacter is used to combat crown gall disease. Explain how this bacterium prevents the disease, and describe the advantage of using a conjugation-deficient strain.Why is E. coli LE392 a good host from the strain of lambda phage cI857?Is E.coli resistant to the antibiotic produced from the S. griseus strain?
- Give two reasons why E. coli is naturally resistant to antibiotics like Penicillin?After sequencing E.coli ROAR340 strain and using Silico Clermont Phylotyper tools show that is it belongs to group B2 that has chuA, TspE4 and yjaA genes. Is ROAR340 pathogenic?Describe ,A Hfr bacterium mates with an F- plasmid containing bacterium. What will be the type of bacteria after conjugation is complete?
- A researcher is studying the rII locus of phage T4. FourrII− strains are obtained: A, B, C, and D. In the first experiment, E. coli strain K(λ) is coinfected with two rII− strains simultaneously and the results are recorded. Infection with A and B phage = lysis occurs Infection with A and C phage = lysis occurs Infection with B and C phage = no lysis occurs Infection with B and D phage = no lysis occurs Infection with C and D phage = no lysis occurs In a second experiment, coinfections are performed first in E. coli strain B, then the progeny phage are used to infect E. coli strain K(λ). Progeny of A and B phage = plaques form Progeny of B and C phage = plaques form Progeny of C and D phage = plaques form Progeny of B and D phage = no plaques from Which conclusions are consistent with these data? Why? A) Strains A and B carry mutations in the same gene. B) Strains B and D both carry the same mutation. C) Strains B, C, and D carry mutations in the same gene. D)…Consider the five E. coli merodiploid strains listed here. Strain #1 I+P+O+Z-Y+/I+P+OcZ+Y+ Strain #2 I+P+O+Z+Y+/I-P+OcZ+Y- Strain #3 I+P+O+Z-Y+/I-P+OcZ+Y- Strain #4 I-P-O+Z+Y-/I+P+OcZ-Y+ Strain #5: ISP+O+Z+Y+/I-P+O+Z+Y- Which of these strains will be unable to express lactose permease under any conditions? Select all correct answers. A.)Strain #3 B.)Strain #4 C.)Strain #2 D.)Strain #5 E.)Strain #1When bacteriophage P1 causes E. coli to lyse, the resulting materialis called a P1 lysate. What type of genetic material would befound in most of the P1 phages in the lysate? What kind of geneticmaterial is occasionally found within a P1 phage?
- Does the addition of E. coli change the dilution in the calculation of PFU/mL in the original phage sample? Why/Why not?Consider the five E. coli merodiploid strains listed here. Strain #1 I+P+O+Z-Y+/I+P+OcZ+Y+ Strain #2 I+P+O+Z+Y+/I-P+OcZ+Y- Strain #3 I+P+O+Z-Y+/I-P+OcZ+Y- Strain #4 I-P-O+Z+Y-/I+P+OcZ-Y+ Strain #5: ISP+O+Z+Y+/I-P+O+Z+Y- Which of these strains will express b-galactosidase constitutively? Select all correct answers. A.)Strain #5 B.)Strain #1 C.)Strain #4 D.)Strain #2 E.)Strain #3In a petri dish with solidified agar with escherichia coli, enterobacter aerogenes and staphylococcus aureus, you streak a loopfull of lytic T4-phage in a single line onto the center of the the dish, how do you know if bacteriophage infected the bacteria. why didn't the bacteriophage infect all 3 bacteria?