Table 1 Simple Molecules Molecule CH4 NH3 H2O CCl4 NCl3 Number of Bond Pairs           Number of Lone Pairs           Number of Electron Domains           Molecular

Organic Chemistry: A Guided Inquiry
2nd Edition
ISBN:9780618974122
Author:Andrei Straumanis
Publisher:Andrei Straumanis
Chapter3: Electron Orbitals
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 3CTQ
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Question
  1. In Table 1, complete the columns. (Remember that the values pertain to the Central atom only.)
  2. In Table 2, complete the columns. (Remember that the values pertain to the Central atom only.)
  3. In Table 3 complete the columns. . (Remember that the values pertain to the Central atoms only. In this table, you will have more than one central atom so report more than one value, ie. 3 / 3)

Data:

 

Table 1 Simple Molecules

Molecule

CH4

NH3

H2O

CCl4

NCl3

Number of Bond Pairs

 

 

 

 

 

Number of Lone Pairs

 

 

 

 

 

Number of Electron Domains

 

 

 

 

 

Molecular Geometry (Shape)

 

 

 

 

 

Bond Angle

 

 

 

 

 

Polar or Non-Polar

 

 

 

 

 

 

Table 2 Molecules with Multiple Bonds

Molecule

CH2O

HCN

CO2

CO

[NO2]-

Number of Bond Pairs

 

 

 

 

 

Number of Lone Pairs

 

 

 

 

 

Number of Electron Domains

 

 

 

 

 

Molecular Geometry (Shape)

 

 

 

 

 

Bond Angle

 

 

 

 

 

Polar or Non-Polar

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Table 3 Molecules with Multiple Central Atoms

Molecule

C2H4

H2O2

CH3OH

CH3NH2

Number of Bond Pairs

/

/

/

/

Number of Lone Pairs

/

/

/

/

Number of Electron Domains

/

/

/

/

Molecular Geometry (Shape)

/

/

/

/

Bond Angle

/

/

/

/

Polar or Non-Polar

 

 

 

 

 

Data Results / Analysis:

 

  1. What determines which atoms are the central atoms?

 

 

  1. How do you adjust the number of electrons to form a cation? What about an anion?

 

 

  1. What causes some molecules with the same number of electron domains to have different shapes? Would they cause the real bond angle to be larger or smaller? Why?

 

 

  1. Which of the following elements should you expect to form an incomplete octet: H, He, Be, B, C, O? Why?

 

 

  1. Which of the following elements are good candidates to form an expanded octet: N, F, Ne, P, S, Cl, Ar? Why?

 

 

  1. What things must you consider when determining if a molecule is polar or non-polar?
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