Table 2 Below is some hypothetical data on the labor market. Quantity Quantity Wage demanded supplied $7 9,000 14,000 $6 12,000 12,000 $5 15,000 10,000 Refer to table 2. If the government imposed a minimum wage of $5, what would unemployment be? O 3,000 O 5,000 O 2,000
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- A government passes a family-friendly law that no companies can have evening, nighttime, or weekend hours, so that everyone can be home with their families during these times. Analyze the effect of this law using a demand and supply diagram for the labor market: first assuming that wages are flexible, and then assuming that wages are sticky downward.If you an? out of school but working part time, are you considered employed or unemployed in U.S. labor statistics? If you are a full time student and working 12 hours a week at the college cafeteria are you considered employed or not in the labor force? If you are a senior citizen who is collecting social security and a pension and working as a greater at Wal-Mart are you considered employed or not in the labor force?Why is there unemployment in a labor market with flexible wages?
- Is it desirable to eliminate natural unemployment? Why or why not? Hint: Think about what our economy would look like today and what assumptions would have to be met to have a zero rate of natural unemployment.Structural unemployment is sometimes said toresult from a mismatch between the job skills thatemployers want and the job skills that workers have.To explore this idea, consider an economy withtwo industries: auto manufacturing and aircraftmanufacturing.a. If workers in these two industries requiresimilar amounts of training, and if workers atthe beginning of their careers can choose whichindustry to train for, what would you expect tohappen to the wages in these two industries? Howlong would this process take? Explain.b. Suppose that one day the economy opens itselfto international trade and, as a result, startsimporting autos and exporting aircraft. Whatwould happen to the demand for labor in thesetwo industries?c. Suppose that workers in one industry cannot bequickly retrained for the other. How would theseshifts in demand affect equilibrium wages both inthe short run and in the long run?d. If for some reason wages fail to adjust to the newequilibrium levels, what would occur?If the unemployment rate is 6% before a rise in government purchases, and if a rise in government purchases induces the typicalunemployed person to search 10% longer in the hopes of finding ahigh-paying government job, what will the unemployment rate beafter the rise in government purchases? Only consider the impactof this waiting-for-a-good-job effect.
- When Alan Greenspan (an economist who wouldlater chair the Federal Reserve) ran a consulting firmin the 1960s, he primarily hired female economists. Heonce told the New York Times, “I always valued menand women equally, and I found that because othersdid not, good women economists were cheaper thanmen.” Is Greenspan’s behavior profit-maximizing? Isit admirable or despicable? If more employers werelike Greenspan, what would happen to the wagedifferential between men and women? Why mightother economic consulting firms at the time not havefollowed Greenspan’s business strategy?One proposal for reforming the welfare system is to create a negative income tax. Under the negative income tax, each person is entitled to a grant of G dollars permonth. For every dollar the person earns, the grant is reduced by t dollars. a. Suppose G = 200 and t = 0.40. Consider an individual whose hourly wage = $10. There are 30 days in a month, so the total allotment of T = 720. Sketch the budgetconstraint before and after the introduction of the negative income tax. b. Would people work more or less with the implementation of this system? c. What if t = 100%? Explain!Consider an economy with two labor markets—onefor manufacturing workers and one for serviceworkers. Suppose initially that neither is unionized.a. If manufacturing workers formed a union, whatwould you expect to happen to the wages andemployment in manufacturing?b. How would these changes in the manufacturinglabor market affect the supply of labor in themarket for service workers? What would happento the equilibrium wage and employment in thislabor market?
- 1. A consumer has ·100 hours of time to allocate to either labor or leisure·A real wage w=50·Dividends income of 500·Taxes for 1500 It is feasible for the consumer to purchase 3000 unit of consumption.A. TrueB. False 2. A consumer has ·100 hours of time to allocate to either labor or leisure·A real wage w=30·Dividends income of 500·Taxes for 1500 It is feasible for the consumer to purchase 3000 unit of consumption.A. TrueB. False 3. Supose that·Total Factor Productivity increases·Capital depreciates by 10%Everything else equal, what happens to labor demand in the economy?A. It decreases (i.e. shifts to the left of the demand curve)B. It increases (i.e. shifts to the right of the demand curve)C. Not enough information to answer 4. Supose that·Total Factor Productivity decreases by 10%·Capital depreciates by 10%Everything else equal, what happens to labor demand in the economy?A. It decreases (i.e. shifts to the left of the demand curve)B. It increases (i.e. shifts to the right of…Suppose that Congress passes a law requiringemployers to provide employees some benefit (suchas healthcare) that raises the cost of an employee by$4 per hour.a. What effect does this employer mandate haveon the demand for labor? (In answering this andthe following questions, be quantitative whenyou can.)b. If employees place a value on this benefit exactlyequal to its cost, what effect does this employermandate have on the supply of labor?c. If the wage can freely adjust to balance supply anddemand, how does this law affect the wage andthe level of employment? Are employers better orworse off? Are employees better or worse off?d. Suppose that, before the mandate, the wage in thismarket was $3 above the minimum wage. In thiscase, how does the employer mandate affect thewage, the level of employment, and the level ofunemployment?e. Now suppose that workers do not value themandated benefit at all. How does this alternativeassumption change your answers to parts(b) and (c)?Suppose you have $200,000 in a bank term account. You earn 5% interest perannum from this account.You anticipate that the inflation rate will be 4% during the year. However, theactual inflation rate for the year is 6%.Calculate the impact of inflation on the bank term deposit you have andexamine the effects of inflation in your city of residence with attention to foodand accommodation expenses.2. The Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) reported in May 2017 that the civilianpopulation in Australia over 15 years of age was 20.8 million.Of this population of 20.8 million Australians, 13.5 million were employed and0.7 million were unemployed.Calculate Australia’s labor force and the number of people in the civilianpopulation who were not in the labor force? Also,