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- A new tax is levied on airline profits to finance improvements in the nation’s airports. The current market rate of interest is 8 percent. However, airline profits are subject to a 50 percent tax. A cost-benefit analysis calculates the percent return to the investment in new air facilities to be 12 percent. Will net benefits from resource use increase as a result of construction of new air travel facilities?From the following data for a PPP project, calculate the (a) conventional, and (b) modified benefit/ cost ratios using an interest rate of 6% per year and an infinite project period. To the People To the Government Benefits: $100,000 per year beginning now Costs: $1.8 million now and $200,000 every 3 years Disbenefits: $60,000 per year Savings: $90,000 per yearConsider being tasked with conducting a cost-benefit analysis of a potential coal-fired power station. A specific amount of pollutants will be released from the facility, which will be erected on the fringes of a residential area. Its cooling system will require a considerable volume of water. Industries in the area claim that the extra electricity is urgently needed, while locals are against the building. How would you assess the economic benefits vs the social and environmental costs?
- N5 The following data is provided for a PPP project. To the People To the Government Benefits $130,000 per year beginning now Cost $1.8 million now and $200,000 every 3 years Disbenefits $45,000 per year Savings $90,000 per year Calculate the conventional benefit/cost ratios using an interest rate of 6% per year and an infinite project period.Use AW method to calculate the benefit/cost ratio at i = 6% for a new library. The first cost is $500K, and O&M costs are $100K per year. There is no salvage value after 30 years. Community benefits are estimated to be $130K per year. Is the library economically justified? Write a brief interpretation of your answer. Determine the number of souvenir coins that must be sold per year to justify the purchase of a $6000 stamping machine. Each coin will be sold for $5.00 with a variable cost of $1.50. The machine will have little or no salvage value at the end of its 4-year useful life. Use an interest rate of 8%. What happens to the BEP if the variable cost increases to $2 per unit?Is the Benefit-cost analysis a decision-making tool for systematically developing useful information about desirable and undesirable effects of public projects? How?
- Assume you must choose between two mutually exclusive alternatives: A or B. The explicit benefityou receive from alternative A, bA, is equal to $100. And, the explicit cost of choosing alternative A,cA, is $80. Also, the explicit benefit to choosing alternative B, bB, is $120.The following data is provided for a PPP project. To the People To the Government Benefits $95,000 per year beginning now Cost $1.8 million now and $200,000 every 3 years Disbenefits $60,000 per year Savings $115,000 per year 1--Calculate the conventional benefit/cost ratios using an interest rate of 12% per year and an infinite project period. The conventional B/C ratio is . 2--Calculate the modified benefit/cost ratios using an interest rate of 12% per year and an infinite project period. The modified B/C ratio is .During your first month as an employee at Engro. Industries (a large drill-bit manufacturer),you are asked to evaluate alternatives for producing a newly designed drill bit on a turningmachine. Your boss’ memorandum to you has practically no information about what thealternatives are and what criteria should be used. The same task was posed to a previousemployee who could not finish the analysis, but she has given you the following information:An old turning machine valued at $350,000 exists (in the warehouse) that can be modified forthe new drill bit. The in-house technicians have given an estimate of $40,000 to modify thismachine, and they assure you that they will have the machine ready before the projected startdate (although they have never done any modifications of this type). It is hoped that the oldturning machine will be able to meet production requirements at full capacity. An outsidecompany, Descon Engg. Inc., made the machine seven years ago and can easily do the…
- Aquatic invasive species are a threat to the ADK region as they have the potential to negatively impact the aquatic ecosystems of Adirondack lakes. These species include plants which choke up beach fronts, mussels that eliminate phytoplankton on which native ecosystems depend, and fish with no native predators that take over ecosystems. As part of a cost-benefit analysis, you have been asked to estimate the damages from these invasive species. Describe, specifically, how you would use at least TWO different non-market valuation techniques to estimate the damages from invasive species in the Adirondacks.The following data is provided for a PPP project. To the People To the Government Benefits $95,000 per year beginning now Cost $1.8 million now and $200,000 every 3 years Disbenefits $25,000 per year Savings $70,000 per year Calculate the conventional benefit/cost ratios using an interest rate of 8% per year and an infinite project period. A) The conventional B/C ratio is ----------- B) The modified B/C ratio is-----------In which way(s) is Sen’s (1970) impossibility theorem of project choice superior or inferior to the conventional Cost-Benefit Analysis principles of project choice based on the Hicks-Kaldor compensation test. Following the discovery and production of oil in commercial quantities in Ghana, the government of Ghana in collaboration with other stakeholders in the oil industry endeavors to establish a fertilizer production plant in Takoradi to take advantage of the by-product from crude oil production. As a potential Cost Benefit Analyst, list all the possible benefits and costs associated with the fertilizer plant project; direct, indirect, tangible and intangible, pecuniary and non-pecuniary.