The EPA determined the presence of a public health and ecological damage externality cost in dollars of MEC=0.020 associated with Qunits of nitrogen axides output of a chemical process per month.There was no evidence of external benefit. The marginal social benefit was estimated as MSB=50-0.4Q and the marginal social cost as MSC-2+ 0.40 What is the socially conscious solution?
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- Aquatic invasive species are a threat to the ADK region as they have the potential to negatively impact the aquatic ecosystems of Adirondack lakes. These species include plants which choke up beach fronts, mussels that eliminate phytoplankton on which native ecosystems depend, and fish with no native predators that take over ecosystems. As part of a cost-benefit analysis, you have been asked to estimate the damages from these invasive species. Describe, specifically, how you would use at least TWO different non-market valuation techniques to estimate the damages from invasive species in the Adirondacks.The marginal damage cost equation for carbon monoxide (CO) in urban areas is: MDCU = 36E; The marginal damage cost equation for CO in rural areas is: MDCR = 6E.The marginal abatement cost equation for CO is: MAC = 400 - 4E What are the socially efficient individual standards for carbon monoxide? What is the total abatement cost in each area under this scheme? What is the total compliance cost under this scheme?A county transportation agency has asked you to suggest the allocation of bridge preservation budget of 50 million between Interstate and non-Interstate highway bridges. Political considerations require that urban populations receive at least $25 million in benefits and rural areas at least $10 million. As a rule of thumb, a $1 million investment yields total user benefits of $1.25 million for $1 million spent on Interstate highway bridges. $1 million for $1 million spent on non-Interstate highway bridges. The research also indicates that the distribution of benefits for each highway is.as shown in the attached table a) Formulate a linear programming (LP) problem to maximize total user benefits subject to the agency’s constraints
- Three neighboring towns – Marshland, Dampland, and Wetland – all border the same lake. The lake frequently floods causing damage to property in all three towns. Each town would benefit from flood mitigation, but the level of benefits differs. With Z representing the level of mitigation: for Marshland, MB = 3 – Z for Dampland, MB = 4 – 2Z for Wetland, MB = 11- Z The marginal cost of flood mitigation is MC = 2 + 12Z Questions: ***Please Note*** Previous Expert Calculated: Z = 16/3 as the Solution to (a) Math Solver Calculates: Z = 1 ***Please Resolve*** (a) What is the socially optimal level of Z? (b) What would each individual town be willing to pay for this level of flood mitigation? (c) The representative from Wetland proposes that each town pay an equal share for the optimal level of flood mitigation. Would…This was the same question as previously which was answered as A+B. however, that is not an option. Which quantity is socially optimal (i.e. what is the efficient quantity)? In the stylised model, what is the cost of pollution per high-emission vehicle purchased by buyers equal to?A local college is deciding whether to conduct a campus beautification initiative that would involve various projects, such as planting trees and remodeling buildings, to make the campus more aesthetically pleasing. For the students of the college, the visual appearance of the campus isnonrival andnonexcludable . Thus, the visual appearance would be classified as a public good. Suppose the college administrators estimate that the beautification initiative will cost $61,110. To decide whether the initiative should be undertaken, administrators conduct a survey of the college's 2,240 students, asking each of them their willingness to pay for the beautification project. The average willingness to pay, as revealed by the survey, is $20. The benefit of the beautification initiative, as suggested by the survey, is . Because the estimated benefit is than the cost, the college administrators undertake the beautification initiative. The calculation of the benefit of…
- Is the Benefit-cost analysis a decision-making tool for systematically developing useful information about desirable and undesirable effects of public projects? How?Which of the following statements is true? a. It is good to shift perspective when quantifying costs and benefits b. Your viewpoint should only be as broad as those who pay the costs. c. When the costs of a municipal project are contributed by the provincial government, you should base your analysis on the viewpoint of the municipality. d. When the costs and benefits are confined to a town, the town's viewpoint is the best viewpoint for analysis.Define cost-benefit analysis (Select measurement and measure old cost/benefitelements upon evaluating public expenditures)
- as alluded in the narrative, planning will be founded on a number oodf decisions taken. Decision-making is of paramount importance in public administration and it requires a certain skill set. Assess the decision-making technichues that can be applied in the public sectorThe following data are for a series of increasingly extensive flood-control projects. Total Cost Per Year Total Benefit Per Year Plan A = Levees $ 10,000 $ 16,000 Plan B = Small Reservoir 24,000 36,000 Plan C = Medium Reservoir 44,000 52,000 Plan D = Large Reservoir 72,000 64,000 For Plan A marginal costs and marginal benefits are Multiple Choice $10,000 and $16,000, respectively. $20,000 and $32,000, respectively. $16,000 and $26,000, respectively. $20,000 and $16,000, respectively.Cost-effective pollution control means that... Mark all that applies. Group of answer choices the total social costs of pollution control and pollution damage are minimised. the amount of pollution reduction achieved from a given budget is maximised. a given level of pollution control is achieved at the least cost.