The change in free energy for a process occurring under standard conditions, such as 1 atm pressure for gases, is referred to as which of the following terms? O Nonspontaneous process Gibbs free energy change O standard free energy change O Standard free energy of formation

The change in free energy for a process occurring under standard conditions, such as 1 atm pressure for gases, is referred to as which of the following terms? O Nonspontaneous process Gibbs free energy change O standard free energy change O Standard free energy of formation

Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach

2nd Edition

ISBN:9781305079243

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl

Chapter16: Spontaneity, Entropy, And Free Energy

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 2RQ: What is the second law of thermodynamics? For any process, there are four possible sign combinations...

See similar textbooks

Related questions

Q: What are the units of entropy and enthalpy?

A: Enthalpy is the amount energy absorbed or released in a process.Entropy is the measure of randomness…

Q: The graph represents the energy change of a chemical reaction. Which must be true about the entropy…

A: Given, the energy profile diagram: We have to find the correct statement about the entropy of the…

Q: than the entropy of amorphous solids. The entropy of crystalline solids is generally O higher O…

A: The correct answer is given below

Q: Define the following terms:a. workb. exothermic reactionc. endothermic reactiond. isothermic…

A: "Since there are multiple sub-parts in this question and it is not mentioned that which one has to…

Q: The thermodynamic property defined in terms of system enthalpy and entropy in which spontaneous…

A: Since we know that for a spontaneous process the delta G should be negative . This problem can be…

Q: Which of the following statements define the second law of thermodynamics? O All spontaneous…

A: Given: Different - different statements. To find : true statement regarding second law of…

Q: Indicate whether each statement is true or false. (a) The entropy of the universe increases for any…

A: (a) The spontaneous process is a process that starts on its own without any external effort.…

Q: Consider the reaction at 298 K: 2 NO(g) + O2(g)¡2 NO2(g) ΔG°rxn = -71.2 kJCalculate ΔGrxn under…

A: The equation for Gibbs free energy of a reaction is given below,…

Q: For the reaction2CO(g) + 2NO(g)2CO2(g) + N2(g)ΔH° = -746.6 kJ and ΔS° = -198.0 J/KThe maximum amount…

A: The given balanced equation can be expressed as: Calculate the standard free energy by using the…

Q: Which of the following involve an increase in the entropy of the system? Briefly explain how…

A: Since you have posting multiple parts, the answer for first three parts are given below. Kindly…

Q: the Laws of Thermodynamics, then explain in detail which law Entropy and Enthalpy would apply to.…

A: Thermodynamics is study of flow of heat. It consists of three laws which are as follows: 1st law of…

Q: Which statement is true?a. A reaction in which the entropy of the system increases can be…

A: The entropy of a system deals with degree of disorderliness in the system . The spontaneity of a…

Q: Q8. Melting ice represents a very interesting thermodynamic system. Which of the following is an…

A: In this question, we will Select the accurate conclusion which arising from the fact that ice melts…

Q: The entropy of a system always increases for a spontaneous process. O TRUE O FALSE

Q: Give an example for each of the following and provide explanation based from what you learned about…

A: Thermodynamics is the study of the relations between heat, work, temperature, and energy. The laws…

Q: The entropy for one mole of a substance at 1 atm pressure, usually determined at 298.15 kelvins is…

A: Entropy measure randomness or disorders of the molecule STP means standard temperature is 298.15 k…

Q: For the reaction2NO(g)+ O2(g)2NO2(g)G° = -73.5 kJ and S° = -146.5 J/K at 278 K and 1 atm.The maximum…

A: The reaction of NO gas with oxygen gas results in the formation of nitrogen dioxide gas. The…

Q: Spontaneous Process Q: consider the vaporization of liquid water at 1 atmosphere. 1. Is the process…

A: Spontaneous process :- A process is said to be spontaneous if it takes place by itself without the…

Q: It refers to how a circumstance can occur without the help of any external factors? a. Enthalpy O b.…

Q: 11. It is impossible to convert heat completely into work in a cyclic process. 12. Work can be equal…

A: Since you have asked a question with multiple sub-parts, as per our company guidelines we are…

Q: 1. Briefly distinguish between the following: a) Spontaneous and Reversible processes b) Entropy and…

A: Since you have posted a question with multiple sub-parts, we will solve first three subparts for…

Q: What mathematical expression corresponds to the second law of thermodynamics: Oa. AS= AQ/T Ob. AH=…

A: The second law of thermodynamics says that processes occur spontaneously if and only if by their…

Q: For the reaction2NO(g)+ O2(g)2NO2(g)ΔG° = -73.5 kJ and ΔS° = -146.5 J/K at 278 K and 1 atm.The…

A: The temperature for the given reaction is not changing and it required to calculate maximum amount…

Q: Which of the following is a correct statement about the second law of thermodynamics? O All…

A: To define: The second law of thermodynamics.

Q: What do standard states have to do with free-energy changes?

A: Standard state is like the reference state of the substance, the phase of the substance usually…

Q: Which one of the following is not a state function? enthalpy heat entropy O Gibbs free energy

A: State function is the variable which depends only on the initial and final state while it is…

Q: Explain the first law of thermodynamics and examples

A: Frist law of thermodynamics ∆U = Q+w

Q: Calculate the standard change in Gibbs free energy, Δ?∘rxnΔ⁢Grxn∘ , for the given reaction at 25.0…

Q: Which of the following statements correctly describes the nature of entropy? O Reversible reactions…

A: Applying concept of entropy with the help of law of thermodynamics.

Q: Which of the following definitions correlate to the term spontaneous change? O Possible…

A: Spontaneous process: A spontaneous process is a process which occurs without any external input to…

Q: A reaction will always be spontaneous if the change in enthalpy is (positive or negative) and the…

A: Gibbs free energy is a measure of maximum reversible work that can be extracted from a system at…

Q: It is the study of the heat or energy involved in physical and chemical changes. Thermodynamics…

Q: Determine if this reaction is spontaneous under standard conditions; knowing that the reaction's…

A: Spontanity of reaction is determined in terms of Gibbs energy formula.

Q: Give an example of a spontaneous process in which a system becomes less ordered and energy becomes…

Q: The amount of energy available in a reaction to do work is known as: a. Entropy b. Enthalpy c.…

Q: Which of the following definitions correlate to the term nonspontaneous process? O Change in entropy…

A: A spontaneous process is capable of proceeding in a given direction without needing to be driven by…

Q: Which one of the following thermodynamic quantities is not a state function? O a. enthalpy O b. work…

Q: Which process results in an entropy change less than 0?

A: Entropy (s) :- Entropy is a measure of randomness or disorderness present in the system If in a…

Q: Explain the second law of thermodynamics and give examples

A: The second law of thermodynamics states that the change in energy from one form to another is…

Q: Which statement is INCORRECT with respect to thermodynamics? A) The sign of ΔG for a reaction is…

A: A) Gibbs free energy change, ∆G is related with enthalpy change, ∆H, temperature and Entropy change,…

Q: according to the second law of thermodynamics which of the following statement is true for a…

A: Entropy term is the measure of disorder/randomness. According to second law of thermodynamics system…

Q: How does the entropy of the surroundings change duringan exothermic reaction? An endothermic…

A: Entropy of surrounding will increase during an exothermic reaction because heat is absorbed by…

Q: The entropy change for a reaction is -21.0 J/K. If delta H is -10.0 k]/mol, calculate Keg at 100° C…

A: Given : The entropy change,∆S= -21.0 J/K. The enthalpy change, ∆H= -10.0 kJ/mol=10000 J/mol…

Q: Determine the entropy of * H2(g) + Cl2(g) → 2HCl (g) positive negative

A: Entropy is determined by change in entropy on going from reactant to product. Entropy change=…

Q: For each of the following statements, indicate whether it is true or false. Why ? a) A spontaneous…

A: a) A spontaneous reaction always releases heat. - False All of the Spontaneous reactions are…

Q: Gibbs free energy is the sum of enthalpy change and the product of temperature and entropy. a. True…

A: Gibbs free energy: It is a thermodynamic quantity that helps in the prediction of the spontaneity…

Q: For the reaction 2C02(g) + 5H2(g)→C2H2(g) + 4H20(g) AH° = 46.5 kJ and AS° = -125 J/K At standard…

Q: What is a spontaneous process? Provide an example?

A: Spontaneous process are those reactions that take place instantaneously without any external force.…

Question

The change in free energy for a process occurring under standard conditions, such
as 1 atm pressure for gases, is referred to as which of the following terms?
O Nonspontaneous process
Gibbs free energy change
O standard free energy change
O Standard free energy of formation

Expert Solution

This question has been solved!

Explore an expertly crafted, step-by-step solution for a thorough understanding of key concepts.

This is a popular solution!

SEE SOLUTION Check out a sample Q&A here

Step 1

VIEW

Step 2

VIEW

Trending now

This is a popular solution!

Step by step

Solved in 2 steps with 1 images

SEE SOLUTION Check out a sample Q&A here

Knowledge Booster

Learn more about

Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.

Similar questions

Explain why the statement No process is 100 efficient is not the best statement of the second law of thermodynamics.
The reaction CO2(g)+H2(g)CO(g)+H2O(g) is not spontaneous at room temperature but becomes spontaneous at a much higher temperature. What can you conclude from this about the signs of H and S , assuming that the enthalpy and entropy changes are not greatly affected by the temperature change? Explain your reasoning.
Acetic acid in vinegar results from the bacterial oxidation of ethanol. C2H5OH(l)+O2(g)CH3COOH(l)+H2O(l) What is S for this reaction? Use standard entropy values. (See Appendix C for data.)
Limestone is predominantly CaCO3, which can undergo the reaction CaCO3(s)CaO(s)+CO2(g). We know from experience that this reaction is not spontaneous, yet S for the reaction is positive. How can the second law of thermodynamics explain that this reaction is not spontaneous?
Using tabulated thermodynamic data, calculate G for these reactions. (a) Mg3N2(s)+6H2O(l)2NH3(g)+3Mg(OH)2(s) (b) 4CH3NH2(g)+9O2(g)4CO2(g)+10H2O(l)+2N2(g) (c) Fe3O(s)+4CO(g)3Fe(s)+4CO2(g) (d) P4O10(s)+6H2O(l)4H3PO4(aq)
Using tabulated thermodynamic data, calculate G for these reactions. (a) Fe(s)+2HCl(g)FeCl2(s)+H2(g) (b) 3NO2(g)+H2O(l)2HNO3(l)+NO(g) (c) 2K(s)+Cl2(g)2KCl(s) (d) Cl2(g)+2NO(g)2NOCl(g) (e) SiCl4(g)Si(s)+2Cl2(g)
Consider the reaction of 2 mol H2(g) at 25C and 1 atm with 1 mol O2(g) at the same temperature and pressure to produce liquid water at these conditions. If this reaction is run in a controlled way to generate work, what is the maximum useful work that can be obtained? How much entropy is produced in this case?
The synthesis of glucose directly from CO2 and H2O and the synthesis of proteins directly from amino acids are both non-spontaneous processes under standard conditions. Yet it is necessary for these to occur for life to exist. In light of the second law of thermodynamics, how can life exist?
For the reaction CH3OH(l)+32O2(g)2H2O(l)+CO2(g) the value of G is 702.2 kJ at 25C. Other data are as follows: Hf (kJ/mol) at 25C S (J/molK) at 25C CH3OH(l) 238.7 126.8 H2O(l) 285.8 70.0 CO2(g) 393.5 213.7 Calculate the standard entropy, S, per mole of O2(g).
Explain why absolute entropies can be measured.
10.69 If a sample of air were separated into nitrogen and oxygen molecules (ignoring other gases present), what would be the sign of for this process? Explain your answer. The next four questions relate to the following paragraph [Frank L. Lambert, Journal of Chemical Education, 76(10), 1999, 1385]. "The movement of macro objects from one location to another by an external agent involves no change in the objects' physical (thermodynamic) entropy. The agent of movement undergoes a thermodynamic entropy increase in the process."
What happens to the entropy of the universe during a spontaneous process?