The ciphertext OIKYWVHBX was produced by encrypting a plaintext message using the Vigen`ere cipher with key HOT. What is the plaintext message?
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The ciphertext OIKYWVHBX was produced by encrypting a plaintext message using the Vigen`ere cipher with key HOT. What is the plaintext message?
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- Suppose that in a long ciphertext message the letter occurred most frequently, followed in frequency by. Using the fact that in the -letter alphabet, described in Example, "blank" occurs most frequently, followed in frequency by, read the portion of the message enciphered using an affine mapping on. Write out the affine mapping and its inverse. Example 2 Translation Cipher Associate the letters of the "alphabet" with the integers. Let and define the mapping by where is the key, the number of positions from the plaintext to the ciphertext. If our alphabet consists of through, in natural order, followed by a blank, then we have "letters" that we associate with the integers as follows:Suppose that in an RSA Public Key Cryptosystem, the public key is. Encrypt the message "pay me later” using two-digit blocks and the -letter alphabet from Example 2. What is the secret key? Example 2 Translation Cipher Associate the letters of the "alphabet" with the integers. Let and define the mapping by where is the key, the number of positions from the plaintext to the ciphertext. If our alphabet consists of through, in natural order, followed by a blank, then we have "letters" that we associate with the integers as follows:Suppose that the check digit is computed as described in Example . Prove that transposition errors of adjacent digits will not be detected unless one of the digits is the check digit. Example Using Check Digits Many companies use check digits for security purposes or for error detection. For example, an the digit may be appended to a -bit identification number to obtain the -digit invoice number of the form where the th bit, , is the check digit, computed as . If congruence modulo is used, then the check digit for an identification number . Thus the complete correct invoice number would appear as . If the invoice number were used instead and checked, an error would be detected, since .
- a. Excluding the identity cipher, how many different translation ciphers are there using an alphabet of n "letters"? b. Excluding the identity cipher, how many different affine ciphers are there using an alphabet of n "letters," where n is a prime?Suppose that in an RSA Public Key Cryptosystem. Encrypt the message "algebra" using the -letter alphabet from Example 4. Use two-digit blocks. Use three-digit blocks. What is the secret key?Suppose that in an RSA Public Key Cryptosystem, the public key is e=13,m=77. Encrypt the message "go for it" using two-digit blocks and the 27-letter alphabet A from Example 2. What is the secret key d? Example 2 Translation Cipher Associate the n letters of the "alphabet" with the integers 0,1,2,3.....n1. Let A={ 0,1,2,3.....n-1 } and define the mapping f:AA by f(x)=x+kmodn where k is the key, the number of positions from the plaintext to the ciphertext. If our alphabet consists of a through z, in natural order, followed by a blank, then we have 27 "letters" that we associate with the integers 0,1,2,...,26 as follows: Alphabet:abcdef...vwxyzblankA:012345212223242526
- Suppose that in an RSA Public Key Cryptosystem. Encrypt the message "pascal" using the -letter alphabet from Example 4. Use two-digit blocks. Use three-digit blocks. What is the secret key?Suppose that you know that a ciphertext was produced by encrypting a plaintext message with a transposition cipher. How might you go about breaking it?Encrypt the message KILLTHEBEAST using shift cipher with K=18.
- Encrypt the message AT FOUR SURVEILLANCE ON TARGET using a tabular transposition cipher with encryption keyword QUENCH. If necessary, pad the message with A's.Use the Caesar cipher (shift of 3 places) to encryptBRAVEEncrypt the message AT TEN HEAD NORTH TO TRENCHES using a tabular transposition cipher with rows of length 4 characters. If necessary, pad the message with A's.