The demand for cement is given by P= 40 - 8Q, where P is the unit price in kroner (SEK) and Q is quantity demanded (measured as tons of cement per day). A cement industry characterized by perfect competition has a short-run supply function given by P=4+Q. (Note that 4+ Q is the industry's marginal cost) 5. 5c Now suppose that the manufacture of cement creates environmentally hazardous waste that is discharged into the immediate area and causes other actors costs (denoted by MCE). These amount to SEK 1,8 per ton of cement produced (so MCE= 1,8). Calculate it socially optimal equilibrium.
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- 1- Suppose that the total cost function of a firm is given as follows;TC = 500 + 2Q2And the price of the firm’s product is determined by the market equilibrium at $100.a- Set the profit maximizing condition . Find the profit maximizing output level for this firm .b- What is the total revenue ?c- What is the total cost ?d- What is the profit earned by the firm ?e- Illustrate your answer by using a well-labeled graph .f- Denote the break even price level with Pb on the same graph .g- Denote the shut down price level with Ps on the same graph.h- Show the firm’s supply curve on the same graph .i- Does the firm function in short-run or long-run ? Why ?7. Short-run supply and long-run equilibrium Consider the competitive market for copper. Assume that, regardless of how many firms are in the industry, every firm in the industry is identical and faces the marginal cost (MC), average total cost (ATC), and average variable cost (AVC) curves shown on the following graph.7. Short-run supply and long-run equilibrium Consider the competitive market for copper. Assume that, regardless of how many firms are in the industry, every firm in the industry is identical and faces the marginal cost (MC), average total cost (ATC), and average variable cost (AVC) curves shown on the following graph. The following diagram shows the market demand for copper. Use the orange points (square symbol) to plot the initial short-run industry supply curve when there are 10 firms in the market. (Hint: You can disregard the portion of the supply curve that corresponds to prices where there is no output since this is the industry supply curve.) Next, use the purple points (diamond symbol) to plot the short-run industry supply curve when there are 15 firms. Finally, use the green points (triangle symbol) to plot the short-run industry supply curve when there are 20 firms. If there were 20 firms in this market, the short-run equilibrium price of copper would be ___ per…
- 8-3 Outline the conditions under which a firm should produce in the short run rather than shut down, even though it incurs an economic loss5.(Minimizing Loss in the Short Run) Explain the different options a firm has for minimizing losses in the short run7. Short-run supply and long-run equilibrium Consider the competitive market for titanium. Assume that, regardless of how many firms are in the industry, every firm in the industry is identical and faces the marginal cost (MC), average total cost (ATC), and average variable cost (AVC) curves shown on the following graph. The following diagram shows the market demand for titanium. Use the orange points (square symbol) to plot the initial short-run industry supply curve when there are 10 firms in the market. (Hint: You can disregard the portion of the supply curve that corresponds to prices where there is no output since this is the industry supply curve.) Next, use the purple points (diamond symbol) to plot the short-run industry supply curve when there are 15 firms. Finally, use the green points (triangle symbol) to plot the short-run industry supply curve when there are 20 firms. If there were 20 firms in this market, the short-run equilibrium price of titanium would…Suppose that the seitan industry is initially operating in long-run equilibrium at a price level of $5 per pound of seitan and quantity of 175 million pounds per year. Suppose a top medical journal publishes research that animal-alternative protein sources such as seitan could increase your expected lifespan by 5 years. The publication is expected to cause consumers to demand (less/more) seitan at every price. In the short run, firms will respond by ( attached image). Shift the demand curve, the supply curve, or both on the following graph to illustrate these short-run effects of the publication In the long run, some firms will respond by (attached image) until (consumer demand returns to original level, each firm in the industry is once again earning zero profit, seitan populations grow large enough to support more firms, new technologies are discovered that lower costs) Now Shift the demand curve, the supply curve, or both on another graph (same as the first) to illustrate both…
- E3 Consider a perfectly competitive firm in a short run scenario. Its total cost function is TC(q)= 4q^2 + 8. The market demand function is Q(p) = 800 - 15p, and there are 40 identical firms in the market. A. What is a firm's short-run supply function? Will it ever decide to shut down? Explain. And what is the market supply function? B. Suppose there are 40 identical firms in the market. What is the equilibrium price, p*? What is the equilibrium quantity supplied by each firm, q*? What is each firm's equilibrium profit? Will there be more entry into the market? Why? C. Repeat b, but with 80 firms this time. Label your results with superscript ** D. Repeat part b, but with 280 identical firms now. Label your results by superscript ***. Part E. Compare your results in parts b - d. Explain why the increase in the number of firms affects the results in that manner. What should happen to profit eventually as the number of firms keeps increasing? And when this happens to profit,…Please no written by hand solutions 9. A firm produces a product in a perfectly competitive industry and has a short-run total cost function of SRTC= 50+ 4q+2q. In the short-run, the market equilibrium price is $20 and the firm's profit maximizing quantity is_ Assuming there is no change in cost structure, in the long-run the equilibrium price changes to a. 4; $24 b. 4:$15 c. 5; $24 d. 5:$15 10. The market for sugar consists of 3,500 identical firms, each with the following short-run total cost function: SRTC-1,500+ 35q. The market demand curve for sugar is Q=11,200- 30P. What is each firm's short-run profit? a. So b. $280 c. -$1,080 d. -$1,360 e. -$1,5001) On a graph for a representative firm in a perfectly competitive industry, depict the three cost curves AVC, ATC, and MC (assume typical U-shaped cost curves). Now assume the market price, P, is such that it intersects the upward-sloping portion of MC above ATC. Graphically depict the short-run equilibrium q (representative firm's output) and π (representative firm's profit) under this price scenario. 2) Given the situation you graphically depicted in #1, please state the level of economic profits (positive, zero, negative) of this representative firm and explain why this is the case.
- (Figure: Price and Quantity of Output and Table I) For simplicity, assume that there are only three firms in a perfectly competitive industry; their short-run supply curves are depicted in the graph. At a market price of $40, the industry output is ____. A. 4 B. 1 C. 15 D. 9.5 Note:- Please avoid using ChatGPT and refrain from providing handwritten solutions; otherwise, I will definitely give a downvote. Also, be mindful of plagiarism. Answer completely and accurate answer. Rest assured, you will receive an upvote if the answer is accurate.Assume the following total cost schedule for a perfectly competitive firm. Output TVC TFC 0 0 100 1 40 100 2 70 100 3 120 100 4 180 100 5 250 100 6 330 100 The total cost of producing 6 units of output is __________________ If the firm is producing at an output level of 2 units, the ATC is _____________ and the AVC is ______________ The profit-maximizing firm would shut down in the short run if the market price of its output dropped below ___________________ At what price would a profit-maximizing firm earn zero economic profits? _______________Consider the graphs of a constant cost industry and a perfectly competitive firm within it. Initially, the industry is in long‑run equilibrium at point E, then demand shifts from Demand1 to Demand2. Answer the questions where P is the price, MR is the marginal revenue, AR is the average revenue, MC is the marginal cost, SRATC is the short‑run average total cost, and LRAC is the long‑run average total cost. Manipulate both of the graphs to reflect the adjustments that yield the long‑run equilibrium.