The direction of movement of RNA polymerase along the template to generate supercoiled structures in reference to the given figure and whether supercoils would be generated if RNA polymerase were free to rotate about the DNA axis.

Q: 1. Two strains of Sordaria are crossed with spore phenotypes a and b. The following table shows the…

A: Introduction  The reproductive cell that bears spores in ascomycete fungi is known as an ascus. In…

Q: One of the following plant organs does not have any modification for any purpose. a. Leaf b. Stem…

A: Introduction Modifications means refinement or reconstruction. When plant undergo certain…

Q: Over the last several decades, the scientific community has gathered a large amount of information…

A: Nucleus is a main controller of the cell in which genetic material and genetic information is safely…

Q: Nitric acid based decalcifying agent best used for staining nuclear and cytoplasmic structures at…

A: 1) Nitric acid is used for decalcification, it is the  process of removal of calcium from the…

Q: Distinguish between a chromosomal deletion and duplication.

A: Introduction Chromosomes are string-like designs situated inside the nucleus of animal and plant…

Q: Bioprospecting is not always a sustainable approach to natural product discovery because: Select one…

A: Bioprospecting is search of plants or animals species from which commercial valuable materials can…

Q: Which of the following are ways that miRNA can silence or control the mRNA produced by other genes?…

A: Small RNA (21-23 nucleotides long) molecules called miRNAs attach to complementary regions in target…

Q: Endocrine hormones regulate the activities of tissue far from the tissue that secretes them - TRUE…

A: We know that The branch of science that deals with the study of endocrine glands and their…

Q: List 6 things (from your PowerPoint) that result in an increase in heart rate.

A: The six things that can increase heart rate in a human being can be, 1) Stress : two much stress may…

Q: light-pupil system

A: Nervous system: This system includes the brain, spinal cord, and a complex network of nerves. This…

Q: Here is one set of primers used to amplify a segment of this gene. Select the option that…

A: The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is the in-vitro amplification of DNA using a…

Q: Explain whether mismatch repair reduce the replication error if it is repaired without regard for…

A: Each of the original DNA strands acts as a template for the construction of an entire new strand…

Q: Explain how SopE and SptP affect Rac activity.

A: Introduction Rac is a signaling G protein, a subfamily of Rho GTPase. Rac is active when it is…

Q: "Horizontal gene transfer is more prevalent in single-celled organisms than in multicellular…

A: The bacteria involves in the horizontal or the lateral gevevtransfer that means the geves are…

Q: As medical science continues to make advances, what checks have been put into place? Should be put…

A: Introduction:- A medical advance is the generation of information or a discovery of knowledge that…

Q: Discuss the following: Listeria monocytogenes (Listeriosis) Microscopy Identification tests used (at…

A: Listeriosis is caused by Listeria monocytogenes which is catalase-positive, oxidase-negative,…

Q: How does the CREB protein contribute to chromatin remodeling?

A: Histone proteins are positively charged proteins rich in arginine and lysine around which the…

Q: What separates rugose corals from tabulate corals?

A: Corals are colorful marine invertebrate animals that belong to the phylum Cnidaria. These feed can…

Q: Which step(s) in the replication cycle of HIV can still occur in the presence of a reverse…

A: HIV is the Human Immunodeficiency Virus. It infects the human CD4+ cells and hence hijacks the…

Q: Examine whether the statement "Each strand in a ẞ sheet is a helix with two amino acids per turn" is…

A: A polypeptide, or chain of amino acids, makes up proteins. The DNA of organisms codes for 20…

Q: Do the state emissions rules impose on the efforts of the federal government to address global…

A: There is a lot of evidence that suggests that the Earth is getting warmer and that humans are at…

Q: I need help with a biology question: If gametes have 10 chromosomes, the cell resulting from…

A: Introduction :- Fertilization refers to the union of a haploid male gamete (spermatozoa) with an…

Q: Why does a valid comparison between mono - and disaccharides require their solution to be of similar…

A: Carbohydrates are found in both healthy and unhealthy food like, bread, beans, milk, popcorn,…

Q: Which of the following is a nitric acid based decalcifying agent? Von Ebner's fluid Zenker's fluid…

A: A decalcifying agent is a substance that helps to remove calcium deposits from surfaces.

Q: Which of the following is not one of the ways in which environmental events can influence the…

A: The environment has an effect on our gene expression rather than our DNA gene sequences. Gene…

Q: 1. Explain radiometric dating, including Potassium-Argon dating and Carbon-14 dating. Explain how…

A: Radiometric dating It refers to a technique for dating minerals and rocks that makes use of…

Q: Which of the following are true about ddNTPs. Select all that apply. They cause DNA synthesis to…

A: Dideoxynucleotides are nucleotides that lack a 3'-OH group, which helps in the termination of DNA…

Q: explain pigs are ideal hosts for generating new strains of human influenza virus

A: According to the swine "mixing vessel idea," since pigs may contract both avian and human influenza…

Q: For the VO2 calculation scenario, if the calculated value was representative of VO2max for this…

A: d. Elite endurance athletes have a high vo2 max due to a high cardiac output from a large compliant…

Q: In terrestrial ecosystems, the energy and biomass pyramids are the same in that they store the most…

A: The trophic level in an ecosystem refers to a group of organisms that have the same nutritional…

Q: The flow of blood through the bodies of mammals have is an example of __ circulation

A: The circulatory system is a system inside the body that includes a network of blood vessels…

Q: Bidentate interactions are those where two or more hydrogen bonds are made with a base or base pair.…

A: Introduction  A base pair is a fundamental building block of double-stranded nucleic acids made up…

Q: Hemophilia is a sex-linked recessive disorder (the gene locus is on the X-chromosome), in which the…

A: Hemophilia is a rare disorder in which your blood doesn't clot normally because it lacks sufficient…

Q: Using approximately 400-500 words, describe which motions and muscles in the right elbow, forearm,…

A: Muscles perform various functions as Movement, which is the fundamental purpose of muscles is to…

Q: Agar is used for solidifying culture media because: it does not affect the growth of bacteria it…

A: Agar is a carbohydrate (polysaccharide) obtained from red seaweed.

Q: Blackline Master 4.2-2 NAME: 4.2-2 The Citric Acid Cycle (continued) Complete the summaries below by…

A: Oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate is the conversion of pyruvate into acetyl-CoA by the action of…

Q: The production of a product P from a particular gram-negative bacteria follows the Monod growth law…

A: Given that,                       rg=μmaxCsCcKs+Cs with     μmax=1h-1, Ks=0.25g/dm3,…

Q: Consider the impact of Substance One on cellular respiration. Assume it has an influence at the…

A: Cellular expression involves breakdown of glucose and protection of energy in the form of ATP. In…

Q: Hoe does cilia damage affec fespiratory funtion?

A: *Cilia are tiny hair-like projection that protect the airways by sweeping away mucus and dust…

Q: The regions at the end of chromosomes known as telomeres that act as protective caps against…

A: Chromosomes are thread like structure which are present in nucleus of the cell.

Q: In a population of birds, males have long red tail feathers that they use in mating displays, and…

A: This is an example of Intra specific competition where several male birds are competing with each…

Q: 7) A halophile (salt-loving) microbe can live in high salt environments because.... a) It has a very…

A: Introduction  Extremophiles known as halophiles live in situations with extremely high salt…

Q: The continuity of life depends on a cell cycle during which genetic information is passed from a…

A: Cell cycle regulation is important because it allow cells to only divide when conditions are…

Q: Whether the statement "every tissue that can be renewed from a tissue-specific population of stem…

A: Undifferentiated cells called stem cells have the propensity to specialize into several cell types.…

Q: 3. An individual heterozygous for the following three alleles (XYZ) was testcrossed to a homozygous…

A: Introduction :  Linked genes are genes that are physically connected to one another on the same…

Q: Read the following statements CAREFULLY: I. II. III. IV. The peripheral nervous system is formed by…

A: Introduction In humans, the male sperm fertilizes the female egg to form a zygote. This zygote…

Q: 4. A student investigated the effect of plant growth substances (IAA and GA) on the elongation of…

A: IAA is a naturally occurring plant hormone that is related to the class of phytohormone auxin.…

Q: Fruit fly segmentation begins during oogenesis and is affected by which maternal genes? (Note…

A: Introduction A gene is the basic unit of heredity, physical and functional. Gens consist of DNA.…

Q: =) The treatment RhoGam involves DB-cell activating molecules that are given to the neonate at…

A: RhoGam is a medicine prescribed to women via intramuscular injection in order to prevent Rhesus (Rh)…

Q: A somatic cell is a cell specialized for maintenance an growth in an organism. Group of answer…

A: INTRODUCTION Somatic cell Any cell in the body other than germ cells and stem cell.

Genome annotation

The technique of linking biological information to genome sequences is termed genome annotation. Gene annotation is the method of identifying gene locations and coding sections. It helps us understand what these genes are doing in the body through establishing structural characteristics and linking them to the actions of various proteins.