The electron configurations for four main-group elements are given. Match the electron configuration on the left with the Lewis structure on the right Clear All 122s2p323p64 3a104p5524d105p°6s х. 1s2s2p63s23p64s 3d104p524a105p* -х. 1s2s2p53s 3p6
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- In each of the following molecules, a central atom is surrounded by a total of three atoms or unshared electron pairs: SnCl2, BCl3, SO2. In which of these molecules would you expect the bond angle to be less than 120? Explain your reasoning.Consider the following ion: BrO3−. What is the electronic geometry of BrO3−? What is its molecular shape? e) Does BrO3− have a dipole moment? Briefly justify your answer. f) On average, would you expect IO3− to have longer or shorter bonds than BrO3−? Briefly explain your answer.“Inert” xenon actually forms several compounds, especially with the highly electronegative elements oxygen and fluorine.The simple fluorides XeF₂, XeF₄, and XeF₆ are all formed by di-rect reaction of the elements. As you might expect from the sizeof the xenon atom, the Xe-F bond is not a strong one. Calcu-late the Xe-F bond energy in XeF₆, given that the heat of for-mation is 402 kJ/mol.
- (9) Explain the origin of resonance structures in Lewis structure using specific example (10) Account for the decreasing values of bond angle from 107º in NH3 to 91º in SbH3 down the group 15 elements of the periodic table.4.Examine the model and real structures for SO2. A.In what way does the central atom violate the octet rule? When is it possible for molecules to have this exception to the octet rule? B.Calculate the difference in the bond angle between the real and model structure? Is this difference larger or smaller than the difference observed for H2O? Why is the deviation between the real and model structure different for SO2compared to H2O? The deviation for H2O is 5 degreesWhich of the following species (there may be more thanone) is/are likely to have the structure shown here: (a) XeF4,(b) BrF4+, (c) SiF4, (d) TeCl4, (e) HClO4? (The colors do notreflect atom identities.)
- (a) Describe the molecule xenon trioxide, XeO3, usingfour possible Lewis structures, one each with zero, one,two, or three Xe¬O double bonds. (b) Do any of theseresonance structures satisfy the octet rule for every atomin the molecule? (c) Do any of the four Lewis structureshave multiple resonance structures? If so, how many resonancestructures do you find? (d) Which of the Lewisstructures in part (a) yields the most favorable formalcharges for the molecule?(a) True or false: The hydrogen atom is most stable when ithas a full octet of electrons. (b) How many electrons must asulfur atom gain to achieve an octet in its valence shell? (c) Ifan atom has the electron configuration 1s22s22p3, how manyelectrons must it gain to achieve an octet?The structure of borazine, B3N3H6, is a six-membered ringof alternating B and N atoms. There is one H atom bondedto each B and to each N atom. The molecule is planar.(a) Write a Lewis structure for borazine in which the formalcharge on every atom is zero. (b) Write a Lewis structurefor borazine in which the octet rule is satisfied forevery atom. (c) What are the formal charges on the atomsin the Lewis structure from part (b)? Given the electronegativitiesof B and N, do the formal charges seem favorableor unfavorable? (d) Do either of the Lewis structuresin parts (a) and (b) have multiple resonance structures?(e) What are the hybridizations at the B and N atoms inthe Lewis structures from parts (a) and (b)? Would you expectthe molecule to be planar for both Lewis structures?(f) The six B¬N bonds in the borazine molecule are allidentical in length at 1.44 Å. Typical values for the bondlengths of B¬N single and double bonds are 1.51 Å and1.31 A°, respectively. Does the value of the B¬N…
- 3- Consider the following electron configuration:(σ3s)2(σ3s*)2(σ3p)2(π3p)4(π3p*)4Give four species that, in theory, would have this electron configuration.Suppose there is an element X which occurs naturally as X2(g).X2(g) + 2O2(g) → X2O4(g)X2O4 has a structure ΔHof of O(g) is 249 kJ/molΔHof of X(g) is 470.5 kJ/molΔHof of X2O4(g) is 11 kJ/molThe X-X single bond energy is 148 kJ/molUse the above data to estimate the average bond energy in X2O4. Give your answer to the nearest 1 kJ/mol.Complete the following resonance structures for POCl3. a. Would you predict the same molecular structure from each resonance structure? b. What is the hybridization of P in each structure? c. What orbitals can the P atom use to form the π bond in structure B? d. Which resonance structure would be favoured on the basis of formal charges?