The Focus box “Can a Budget Deficit Reduction Lead to an Output Expansion? Ireland in the 1980s” provides an example of fiscal consolidation. Ireland had a large budget deficit in 1981 and 1982. What does a deficit reduction imply for the medium run and the long run? What are the advantages of reducing the deficit?
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The Focus box “Can a Budget Deficit Reduction Lead to an Output Expansion? Ireland in the 1980s” provides an example of fiscal consolidation. Ireland had a large budget deficit in 1981 and 1982.
- What does a deficit reduction imply for the medium run and the long run? What are the advantages of reducing the deficit?
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- In the long-run framework, budget surpluses: Choose the Correct and Explain why its correct should be run whenever output dips below potential output. should never be run since they crowd out investment in the short run. are better than budget deficits over the long run because unlike budget deficits, they increase saving and investment. should be run on a permanent basis since they boost saving and investment and stimulate economic growth.The Focus box “Can a Budget Deficit Reduction Lead to an Output Expansion? Ireland in the 1980s” provides an example of fiscal consolidation. Ireland had a large budget deficit in 1981 and 1982. Although the data shows strong output growth from 1987 to 1989, there is some evidence of continued macroeconomic weakness in Ireland during the second fiscal consolidation. What is that evidence?Insert the missing word or phrase: Persistent budget deficits have long-run consequences because they lead to an increase in ______________ ___________.
- Answer the following questions: As you know, the US government has been running budget deficits for several years now. In your opinion, and based on economic reasoning, what will happen to the US economy if the US Federal Government continues to run annual budget deficits for the next decade. Will the economy survive that? Will the economy grow? Will it grow as fast as it could? Will the deficits cause the economy to grow faster? Will it grow at all? These are some of the questions you might address in your primary post.Suppose the US Federal Government decides to engage in deficit spending whereby it increases its expenditure through debt financing. Which of the following statements describes deficit spending's short-run and long run affects on the price level? A) The price level remains unchanged over the short run and the long run. B) The price level increases above its initial level in short run and further increases over the long run. C) The price level decreases below its initial level in the short run and further decreases over the long run. D) The price level decreases below its initial level in the short-run but increases above its initial level over the long run."Fine-tuning" the economy is not possible for the United States and generally large economies governed by a democratic political system because... a) Often it takes economists up to 6 months to determine with confidence that the economy changed its trajectory towards recession or expansion. This is the "recognition lag." b) The policies of the Federal Reserve must be approved by Congress which takes a long time. c) It takes the political system (Congress and the President) several months and sometimes years to agree on specific fiscal policies to change the economy's direction. This is the "policy lag." d) It may take considerable time to implement fiscal policy, especially if the policy involves significant new spending programs, as takes many months to set up new administration, policies, procedures and hire the requisite administrators. This is the "implementation or administrative lag." e) The policies passed by Congress must be approved by the Supreme Court. f) Fiscal policy…
- In which of the following cases does the size of the government’s debt and deficit indicate potential problems for the economy? Explain your answer. a) The government’s debt is relatively low, but the government is running a large budget deficit as it builds a high-speed rail system to connect the major cities of the nation. b) The government’s debt is relatively high due to a recently ended deficit-financed war, but the government is now running only a small budget deficit. c) The government’s debt is relatively low, but the government is running a budget deficit to finance the interest payments on the debt. Note:- Do not provide handwritten solution. Maintain accuracy and quality in your answer. Take care of plagiarism. Answer completely. You will get up vote for sure.Suppose the US Federal Government decides to engage in deficit spending whereby it increases its expenditure through debt financing. Which of the following statements describes deficit spending's short-run and long run affects on real GDP? A) Real GDP rises above the natural level in the short run, but it returns to the natural level in the long run.B) Real GDP remains at the natural level in both the short run and the long run.C) Real GDP falls below the natural level in the short run, but it returns to the natural level in the long run.D) Real GDP rises above the natural level in both the short run and the long run.Like any economic crisis, unemployment rises, aggregate income falls, and tax collections drop during the Great Recession. While unemployment rises, safety net spending rises. To stabilize the economy, the government appears to have just two options: harsh austerity (reduce spending) or more borrowing. It is difficult to defend cuts in federal government programs, especially those that provide a minimum standard of living for the poor, but increasing indebtedness hurts the economy. In a few words, analyze Costs of eliminating the budget deficit solely through (1) personal tax increases, and/or (2) through spending cut by decreasing in transfer payments (i.e., Social Security, Medicare and Medicaid) and in discretionary spending (such as defense and education budgets)
- What is the importance of fiscal policy during times of economic recession? What is the reason why fiscal policy should be in tune with monetary policy when the economy is in the recession phase? How important is the Central Bank in the financial market?When the Federal Reserve's Open Market Committee raises the Fed Funds rate they are attempting to a) Increase growth in the economy b) Decrease growth in the economy because they are possibly worried about inflation c) They are interested in more people buying homes d) This is an example of fiscal policyNigeria typically runs a gov budget surplus, and it has a small debt to GDP ratio (approximately 40%). This year, Nigeria is running a government budget deficit, and it is financing that deficit by selling government bonds.This year's government budget deficit is causing interest rates to (increase/decrease/remain the same/change ambiguously) and the debt to ( increase/decrease/remain the same/change ambiguously.) Nigeria is predicted to return to a surplus position next year. If it is successful, interest rates will (increase/decrease/remain the same/change ambiguously) and the debt will (increase/decrease/remain the same/change ambiguously.) In August 2019, Nigeria announced that it would increase its sale of government bonds from 55 billion nigerian currency to 85 billion nigerian currency. This resulted in (an increase, decrease, no change, an ambiguous change) in the price of government bonds and (an increase, decrease, no change, an ambiguous change) in the yield of government…