The following balances were obtained from the books of company ABC on 30 June 2020. Trial Balance on 30 June 2020 ($000s) Dr. Cr. Cash Account payable 213 Account receivable Buildings Accumulated Depreciation - Buildings 1000 Interest expense Loan (repayable 2025) 505 Machinery Accumulated Depreciation - Machinery 190 Administrative salaries Retained earnings on 30 June 2019 230 Purchases of raw materials Advertising expense Revenue 1496 Share capital 155 Other reserves 215 Inventories on 30 June 2019 20 Dividend paid 40 Directors' remuneration 300 4004 4004 Additional information is given below. 1. Buildings are depreciated by straight line method to zero residual value assuming 20 years of useful life 2. Machinery is depreciated at 20% on the reducing balance basis. 3. Company income tax has been estimated at $30,000 for the year. No tax for the 2020 accounting year has been paid. 4. Inventories on 30 June 2020 were $15,000. 5. A lawsuit was yet to be finalised by the year end. The outcome of the lawsuit is uncertain and may result in $20,000 of damages to be paid to another company XYZ. You are required to prepare: a. an income statement for the year ended on 30 June 2020. 40 210 2000 80 500 282 450 82
Reporting Cash Flows
Reporting of cash flows means a statement of cash flow which is a financial statement. A cash flow statement is prepared by gathering all the data regarding inflows and outflows of a company. The cash flow statement includes cash inflows and outflows from various activities such as operating, financing, and investment. Reporting this statement is important because it is the main financial statement of the company.
Balance Sheet
A balance sheet is an integral part of the set of financial statements of an organization that reports the assets, liabilities, equity (shareholding) capital, other short and long-term debts, along with other related items. A balance sheet is one of the most critical measures of the financial performance and position of the company, and as the name suggests, the statement must balance the assets against the liabilities and equity. The assets are what the company owns, and the liabilities represent what the company owes. Equity represents the amount invested in the business, either by the promoters of the company or by external shareholders. The total assets must match total liabilities plus equity.
Financial Statements
Financial statements are written records of an organization which provide a true and real picture of business activities. It shows the financial position and the operating performance of the company. It is prepared at the end of every financial cycle. It includes three main components that are balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement.
Owner's Capital
Before we begin to understand what Owner’s capital is and what Equity financing is to an organization, it is important to understand some basic accounting terminologies. A double-entry bookkeeping system Normal account balances are those which are expected to have either a debit balance or a credit balance, depending on the nature of the account. An asset account will have a debit balance as normal balance because an asset is a debit account. Similarly, a liability account will have the normal balance as a credit balance because it is amount owed, representing a credit account. Equity is also said to have a credit balance as its normal balance. However, sometimes the normal balances may be reversed, often due to incorrect journal or posting entries or other accounting/ clerical errors.
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