The graph shows the molecular speed of four gases at 27 °C. What, if any, relationship is observed between the most probable molecular speed and the molar mass of the gas? The most probable molecular speed decreases as the molar mass of the gas increases. There is no relationship between the most probable molecular speed and the molar mass. The most probable molecular speed increases as the molar mass of the gas increases. The most probable molecular speed decreases as the molar mass of the gas decreases. Estimate the most probable molecular speed of neon at 27 °C. most probable molecular speed: m/s Number of atoms Xe 500 Ne 1000 He 1500 Average molecular speed (m/s) 2000 2500

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Kinetic-Theory of Gases

Kinetic theory of gases is the model or method which was developed in the 19th century by Maxwell and Boltzmann. This is possible as the interatomic force which is of short-range forces that are important for solids and liquids can be neglected for gases. This theory or gas law gives a molecular interpretation of the pressure and temperature of a gas and is consistent with gas laws and Avogadro’s hypothesis. This theory is very helpful to correctly explain the specific heat capacities of many gases, kinetic energy and it also explains the transport qualities such as viscosity, thermal conductivity, and diffusion with molecular parameters. As stated in the kinetic-molecular theory, the temperature of a substance or gas particle is related to the average kinetic energy of the particles of that substance. When a substance is heated, some of the absorbed energy is stored within the particles, while some of the energy increases the motion of the particles, called average kinetic energy.