The issuance costs of new debt securities can be ignored since those costs will not be reflected in the yield to maturity of the debt .in the future اخترأحد الخیارات a. True O b. False O
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- Explain why y0u disagree 0r agree with the f0ll0wing statements. The answer sh0uld n0t be m0re than 3 sentences (with reference of google links) Step 1 Define Treasusy BondS & Corporate Bonds Step 2 Difference between annuity due and ordinary annuity Step 3 Treasury b0nds are riskier than c0rp0rate b0nds. All 0ther things held c0nstant; the future value 0f an 0rdinary annuity is always having a higher future value than annuity due. All 0ther things held c0nstant, the price 0r interest rate risk 0f sh0rt-term b0nd is always l0wer than l0ng-term b0ndMark buys a financial asset from the DBA. This financial asset is an instrument of short term borrowing. He hasbought it because he doesn’t want to take risk and wants an assured return. This instrument is promissory note. It ishighly liquid. The instrument is also known as zero coupon bonds. On this instrument it is written T-91. Based onthe above case study, answer the following:a. Which financial asset is indicated in the above case?b. On whose behalf does the DBA issue this instrument?c. Why is this instrument called as the zero coupon bond?d. What does T-91 denote here?e. What is the minimum amount for which this instrument bond?Identify under which one of the following market the issue of treasury bills lies: a.Equity Market b.Capital Market c.Foreign Currency Market d. **fast i dont have time plzMoney Market
- As you confirmed there are errors in the solutions.Can you please provide clear answers for B,C,D. Question 3. Bond Consider a bank with the following balance sheet (M means million): Assets Value Duration of the Asset Convexity of the Asset5yr bond bought at a yield of 3.4% (lending money) $550M 4.56212.02612yr bond bought at a yield of 4% (lending money) $800M 9.45353.565 Liabilities Value Duration of the Liability Convexity of the Liability2yr bond sold at a yield of 2.4% (borrowing money) $300M 1.941 2.3844yr bond sold at a yield of 2.8% (borrowing money) $500M 3.759 8.206 a) Calculate the equity (total asset – total liability) to asset ratio of the bank (Hint: equity to asset ratio = total equity/total asset) b) Calculate the duration and convexity of the both asset and liability sides; c) If the interest rates go up by 1%, using the duration and convexity rule to determine the net worth of the bank and the equity to asset ratio; d) In c)’s scenario, to maintain the equity to…H10. Assume that initially, the risk premium, ρ = 0 and that the domestic and foreign interest rates are given by R = .06, R* = .05. Suppose that the risk premium depends linearly on the difference between domestic government debt, B, and domestic assets of the central bank, A, i.e., ρ = ρ (B-A) Find the new domestic interest rate if a sterilized purchase of foreign assets adjusts A s.t. (a) B - A = -.01/ ρ0 (b) B - A = .03/ ρ0The issuance costs of new debt securities can be ignored since those costs will not be reflected in the yield to maturity of the debt in the future. Select one: a. False b. True
- Assume you have the following asset and liability in your Balance Sheet: Asset - Bond A Modified Duration = 2.6 years Value = RM1.5 million Liability - Bond B Modified Duration = 3.1 years Value = RM1.0 million a. Calculate the duration gap. b. What is the expected change in Net Worth if interest increases by 1%? c. What should or could you to achieve immunised balance sheet? Note: Please show all workings.N1 Q21. Which of the following statements about bonds are true? a. The bond price and yield of the bonds are positively related. b. Long-term bonds are more responsive to interest rate change than short-term bonds. c. All other answers are correct. d. If interest rates are expected to decrease, more investors will prefer holding short-term bonds.q19 Which of the following statement is true for compensation of risk? a. Higher the risk, zero is the return b. Higher the risk, lower is the return c. Lower the risk, higher is the return d. Higher the risk, higher is the return q20 Which of the following is used generally for raising cash for settling the creditors? a. Short Term Loan b. All the options are wrong c. Line of Credit d. Long -Term Loan
- Q2) State whether the following statements are true or false: Bond represents a hybrid debt instrument whereas preferred stock is ownership rights. Ahmed bought a bond with OMR (1000) par value at OMR (950), which means a market interest rate is greater than the coupon rate of the bond. One use of the cost of capital is to design a firm’s equity policy. Efficient Market Hypothesis means Securities are normally in equilibrium and are “fairly priced. The market is IN equilibrium when the required rate of return larger than the dividend growth rate.Q8 Which of the following bonds carry significant risk that the issuer will not make current or future payments? Multiple Choice junk bonds liquidity rate risk bonds credit quality risk bonds interest rate risk bondsNext, we need to calculate MMMs cost of debt. We can use different approaches to estimate it One approach is to take the companys interest expense and divide it by total debt (which is the sum of short-term debt and long-term debt). This approach only works if the historical cost of debt equals the yield to maturity in todays market (i.e., if MMMs outstanding bonds are trading at dose to par). This approach may produce misleading estimates in years in which MMM issues a significant amount of new debt. For example, if a company issues a great deal of debt at the end of the year, the full amount of debt will appear on the year-end balance sheet, yet we still may not see a sharp increase in annual interest expense because the debt was outstanding for only a small portion of the entire year. When this situation occurs, the estimated cost of debt will likely understate the true cost of debt. Another approach is to try to find this number in the notes to the companys annual report by accessing the company's home page and its Investor Relations section. Alternatively, you can go to other external sources, such as bondsonline.com, for corporate bond spreads, which can be used to find estimates of the cost of debt. Finally, you can also go to Morningstar.com, which will provide yield to maturity information on the firms various bond issues. A longer-term issues YTM could provide an estimate of the firms current cost of debt to be used in the WACC calculation. Remember that you need the after-tax cost of debt to calculate a firm's WACC, so you will need MMMs tax rate (which has averaged around 30% in recent years). What is your estimate of MMMs after-tax cost of debt?
