The primary mechanism of water reabsorption in the kidney is A) secondary active transport by means of a sodium-water symporter. B) primary active transport by means of a protein pump. C) osmosis through aquaporins. D) bulk transport by means of endocytosis.

Q: List the three types of transport processes that involve carrier proteins in the renal tubule and…

A: The transport processes are used to transport one substance from one place to another. Some of the…

Q: Give an example of renal handling of inulin?

A: Introduction: Inulin is a naturally occurring dietary fibre present in oligosaccharides. It is…

Q: What is the major chemical difference between blood plasma and glomerular filtrate?

A: The glomerular filtrate and blood plasma are the fluids found in the body.

Q: What features of urinary system help to prevent colonization by microbes?

A: The Human Body has specialized systems for performing various vital functions of the body. One of…

Q: Match the number in the diagram below with the correct term. v 1 A. renal medulla B. ureter C. renal…

A: Since you have asked multiple questions, we will solve the first question for you. If you want any…

Q: What is the transport maximum?

A: Transport maximum: [Tmax]           The maximum amount of substance that can be reabsorbed based on…

Q: differentiate among the various elements found in urine

A: The microscopic examination of urine is a valuable diagnostic tool for the detection and evaluation…

Q: Where does urea recycle back into the tubules from the collecting duct?

A: The urea transporter protein causes the movement of urea across the cell membrane. About half of…

Q: Describe the structure of the filtration membrane?

A: The kidney is the small, paired, bean-shaped excretory organ in humans. It is present in the…

Q: Why is it important to get a sample for a urinalysis before initiation of antibiotics?

A: Urinary tract infection:  It is the infection of the urinary system including kidneys, bladder,…

Q: Why would it be dangerous to administer intravenous fluids that do not have an osmotic pressure…

A: Osmosis is the process of movement of water molecules via a semipermeable membrane, through a…

Q: What types of osmoregulatory challenges do humans experience? Explain. What mechanisms do we have to…

A: Homeostasis or osmoregulation is a process adopted by our body to maintain equilibrium environment…

Q: How long is electroporation?

A: Electroporation is a technique in which an electric field is applied on the cells to increase their…

Q: How do difusion and osmosis afect the transport of water and solutes between cells?

A: Diffusion - It is the process of movement of molecule from higher concentration region to lower…

Q: Why osmotic pressure plays so important role in the process of fluid shifting?

A:

Q: What is the purpose of coagulation in drinking water treatment?

A: The process used for the neutralization of charges and form a gelatinous mass is called coagulation.

Q: Describe the process of pressure natriuresis?

A: BASIC INFORMATION KIDNEY It is a paired organ present in our body. It helps the body to get rid of…

Q: Reabsorption involves what two methods of transport? Describe each. What determines which route a…

A: The process of movement of solutes and water out of the filtrate and back into your bloodstream is…

Q: Provide the hypertonic solution ?

A: Answer- There are 3 type of tonicity of solution.  Hypertonic Hypotonic Isotonic

Q: When there is a high circulating ADH, what cells become impermeable to water?

A: Anti-diuretic hormone as various roles to play in kidney functioning, they have a significant…

Q: What is Osmotic pressure ? Why it is used ?

A: The term ‘osmosis’ refers to the movement of solvent molecules through a semipermeable membrane from…

Q: Why is this process considered secondary active transport? Does water reabsorption accompany ion…

A: Reabsorption: Some substances are reabsorbed in the body, already they are absorbed once in the…

Q: What factors control the movement of water between interstitial fluid and intracellular fluid?

A: Water is the most important component of living organisms. Almost every living cell is composed of…

Q: What are the functions of Transporter proteins?

A: The cell membrane is quasi fluid, elastic, pliable, and thin partitions over and inside the…

Q: Why are glomeruli considered as dialysis bags?

A: The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs in the excretory, which help the body release waste as urine.…

Q: which solution traveled out of the dialysis tubing: glucose or starch?

A: The movement of ions and molecules across the cell membranes or through the bloodstream is known as…

Q: What is an example of filtration in the body?

A: Filtration is a passive process which means a slow process that depends mostly on the pressure…

Q: What does clathrin do?

A: Cells need to do endo and exo-cytosis to transfer chemical from one cell to others in form of…

Q: If the pH of the tubular fluid went down, how would its Na+concentration change?

A: Kidneys are the pair of bean shaped red color organs that are the crucial part of the excretory…

Q: Describe the structure and functioning of nephron.

A: The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs present in vertebrates. They are located on the left and…

Q: Differentiate between passive and active water absorption.

A: Step 1 Water absorption is of two types, passive and active. In both types, water moves from soil to…

Q: What is the Grotthus mechanism and how does the aquaporin water channel prevent this from ocurring?

A: The proton transfer (PT) process is described as a stepwise hopping of a proton from an H3O+ ion to…

Q: How are osmosis and dialysis similar? How do they differ?

A: Transport refers to the act or the means by which a molecule or ion is moved across the cell…

Q: Why are the loop of Henle and vasa recta important for the formation of concentrated urine?

A: Excretion is the process through which all the metabolic waste products are excreted out of the body…

Q: What is the primary function of the aeration step in water treatment?

A: The plants are able to make their own food as they contain a green pigment, chlorophyll. They absorb…

Q: For part A, explain why the solution inside the dialysis tubing turned blue, but the solution in the…

A: Osmosis is the process of movement of solvent molecules from a region of high concentration to a…

Q: Describe the functions of intraflagellar transport.

A: Intraflagellar transport (IFT) is a two-directional movement process in which non-membrane-bound,…

Q: What is the role of the disulfide bond in oxytocin and vasopressin?

A: The disulfide bond is responsible for the cyclic structure of both oxytocin and vasopressin . They…

Q: What is the most important ion that determines water movement between compartments?

A: The cell membrane is a structure which protects the cell and acts as a barrier and transports the…

Q: What specific purposes do sedimentation, coagulation,filtration, and disinfection accomplish in the…

A: Earth is so far the only planet that has the capability to sustain life on it. There are many…

Q: . Why is urine becoming alkali?

A: Urine is the liquid waste produced by the kidneys. Urine is a clear, transparent fluid that normally…

Q: What are hypertonic solutions?

A: The behavior of cells in regards to water movement depends on the type of solutions in which they…

Q: The water harvesting structures are of which shape?

A: Rain water harvesting is very important as it facilitates the availability of non-contaminated water…

Q: Why are efflux pumps capable of conferring multidrugresistance?

A: Efflux pumps are defined as the transport proteins which take part in the extrusion of toxic…