The relationship of free-energy change (AG) to the concentrations of reactants and products is important because it predicts the direction of spontaneous chemical reactions. In the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP and inorganic phosphate (Pi), the standard free-energy change (AG) is -7.3 kcal/mole. The free-energy change depends on concentrations according to the following equation: AG=AG +0.616 In (k) In a plant cell, the concentrations of ATP, ADP, and P, are approximately 5, 2, and 10, respectively. What is the delta G for ATP synthesis in the plant cell? Make sure to show ALL your work on how you would fill in this equation. Here are some natural logs pre-calculated for you In (1) = 0 In (0.25) = -1.38 In (4) = 1.38 In (2) = 0.693 In (2.4) = 0.875 In (0.416) -0.875 = In (12) = 2.485 In (0.5) = -0.693

The relationship of free-energy change (AG) to the concentrations of reactants and products is important because it predicts the direction of spontaneous chemical reactions. In the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP and inorganic phosphate (Pi), the standard free-energy change (AG) is -7.3 kcal/mole. The free-energy change depends on concentrations according to the following equation: AG=AG +0.616 In (k) In a plant cell, the concentrations of ATP, ADP, and P, are approximately 5, 2, and 10, respectively. What is the delta G for ATP synthesis in the plant cell? Make sure to show ALL your work on how you would fill in this equation. Here are some natural logs pre-calculated for you In (1) = 0 In (0.25) = -1.38 In (4) = 1.38 In (2) = 0.693 In (2.4) = 0.875 In (0.416) -0.875 = In (12) = 2.485 In (0.5) = -0.693

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter2: Cell Physiology

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 2SQE

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A total of 30.5 kJ mol-1 of free energy is needed to synthesise ATP from ADP and Pi when the reactants and products are at 1.0 M concentrations and the temperature is 25oC. Because the actual physiological concentrations of ATP, ADP, and Pi are not 1.0 M, and the temperature is 37oC, the free energy required to synthesise ATP under physiological conditions is actually ~ 46.2 kJ mol-1. A 68 kg adult requires an energy intake of 8,550 kJ of food per day (24 hours). Calculate the mass (in Kg) of ATP synthesised by a human adult in 24 hours, assuming that the percentage efficiency of converting inputted calories in ATP is 50%. What percentage of the body weight does this represent?
You know that the free energy of ATP hydrolysis depends on the ATP/ADP ratio. Given that under standard conditions DGo = -30.5 kJ/mol, what should be DG of ATP hydrolysis under normal intracellular concentrations? [ATP] = 2.3 mM, [ADP] = 0.25 mM, [Pi] = 1.65 mM What is the energy of ATP hydrolysis in a cell that is ATP-depleted? [ATP] = 0.1 mM, [ADP] = 2.8 mM, [Pi] = 1.65 mM
If the Go for ATP hydrolysis into ADP + inorganic phosphate is 7.3 kcal/mole, and the Go for glutamine synthesis from glutamic acid and NH3 is +3.4 kcal/mole, calculate the average Go for coupling these two reactions (glutamic acid + NH3 + ATP  glutamine + ADP + inorganic phosphate
Given that the standard free-energy change for the reaction glucose + Pi →glucose 6-phosphate is 13.8 kJ/mol, and the standard free-energy change forthe reaction ATP → ADP + Pi is −30.5 kJ/mol, what is the free-energychange for the reaction glucose + ATP → glucose 6-phosphate + ADP?
How many ATP molecules could maximally be generated from one molecule of glucose, if the complete oxidation of 1 mole of glucose to CO2 and H2O yields 686 kcal of free energy and the useful chemical energy available in the high- energy phosphate bond of 1 mole of ATP is 12 kcal?
Consider the following chemical reaction: Glucose + ATP → Glucose-6-Phosphate + ADP + Pi Given the following information, calculate the actual free energy change (G’) of this reaction. G’ of Glucose + ATP → Glucose-6-Phosphate + ADP + Pi = -16.7 kJ/mol [Glucose] = 5.0 mM [ATP] = 1.85 mM [Glucose-6-Phosphate] = 0.083 mM [ADP] = 0.14 mM [Pi] = 1.0 mM Temperature = 37 C R (Gas Constant) = 8.314 J/mol•K
The hydrolysis of ATP to ADP has a △G°' of -30 kJ/mol. If in an E. coli cell the concentrations of ATP, ADP and inorganic phosphate are 7.90 mM, 1.04 mM and 7.9 mM, respectively, which statement is true about the hydrolysis of ATP in the cell? (Assume a temperature of 298 K. R = 8.315 J/K-mol) A. The formation of ATP from ADP is occurring more rapidly than the hydrolysis. B. The hydrolysis is being allosterically controlled. C. Hydrolysis can proceed spontaneously. D. The hydrolysis is at equilibrium. QUESTION 10 The conversion of glucose-1-phosphate to glucose-6-phosphate by the enzyme phosphoglucomutase has a △G°' of -7.6 kJ/mol. Calculate the equilibrium constant for this reaction at 298 K and a pH of 7. (R = 8.315 J/K-mol) A. 0.003 B. 0.047 C. 1.00 D. 21 help with these questions please
What terms would best describe the above coupled reaction? (If the DGo for ATP hydrolysis into ADP + inorganic phosphate is -7.3 kcal/mole, and the DGo for maltose synthesis from glucose + glucose is +3.7 kcal/mole, calculate the standard free energy change for the combined reaction of ATP + glucose + glucose g ADP + maltose + inorganic phosphate.) it is non-spontaneous and endothermic (because the overall DGo is negative) it is spontaneous and exothermic (because the overall DGo is negative) it is non-spontaneous and endothermic (because the overall DGo is positive) it is spontaneous and exothermic (because the overall DGo is positive) it is non-spontaneous and exothermic (because the overall DGo is negative)
Consider the following chemical equation whose delta(G) = 9kcal/mol: AC + BD ---> AB + CD what are the reactants and what are the products is this reaction spontaneous? How do you know? Is energy released or consumed by this reaction? If an enzyme, which catalyzes this reaction is added, what will happen to delta (G) If this reaction is coupled to another reaction, whose delta(G) is -12 kcal/mol, what will be the net delta(G) value? will the overall reaction be spontaneous
If the DGo for ATP hydrolysis into ADP + inorganic phosphate is -7.3 kcal/mole, and the DGo for sucrose synthesis from glucose + fructose is +5.5 kcal/mole, calculate standard free energy change for the combined reaction of ATP + glucose + fructose g ADP + sucrose + inorganic phosphate. DGo = -12.8 kcal/mole DGo = -1.8 kcal/mole DGo = 0 kcal/mole DGo = +1.8 kcal/mole DGo = +12.8 kcal/mole
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1. a. Calculate the physiological DG of the reaction shown below at 37°C, as it occurs in the cytosol ofneurons, with phosphocreatine at 4.7 mM, creatine at 1.0 mM, ADP at 0.73 mM, and ATP at 2.6mM. The standard free energy change for the overall reaction is –12.5 kJ/mol. Phosphocreatine + ADP ® creatine + ATP b. The enzyme phosphoglucomutase catalyzes the conversion of glucose 1-phosphate to glucose6-phosphate. Calculate the standard free energy change of this reaction if incubation of 20 mMglucose 1-phosphate (no glucose-6 phosphate initially present) yields a final equilibrium mixtureof 1.0 mM glucose 1-phosphate and 19 mM glucose 6-phosphate at 25°C and pH 7.0. c. If the rate of a nonenzymatic reaction is 1.2 x 10–2 μM s–1, what is the rate of the reaction at 37℃ inthe presence of an enzyme that reduces the activation energy by 30.5 kJ/mol?