The sodium–potassium pumpa. helps establish an electrochemical gradient across the membrane.b. concentrates sodium on the outside of the membrane.c. uses a carrier protein and chemical energy.d. is present in the plasma membrane.e. All of these are correct.

The sodium–potassium pumpa. helps establish an electrochemical gradient across the membrane.b. concentrates sodium on the outside of the membrane.c. uses a carrier protein and chemical energy.d. is present in the plasma membrane.e. All of these are correct.

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter3: The Plasma Membrane And Membrane Potential

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 7UC: Describe the contribution of each of the following to establishing and maintaining membrane...

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Concept explainers

Osmosis

In simple words, osmosis is the slow, gradual movement of a liquid through a membrane. But there are nuances to this process. For instance, there has to be an imbalance in the distribution of solute in the liquid on either side of the membrane, which has to be semipermeable. The liquid in the region with a lower solute concentration moves to the region with a higher concentration, thereby displacing the solution in the process. The objective is to equalize the concentration of molecules on both sides of the membrane; the displacement of liquid can be viewed as a byproduct of this equalization. Since there is no energy required to carry osmosis, it is considered a passive process.

Question

The sodium–potassium pump
a. helps establish an electrochemical gradient across the membrane.
b. concentrates sodium on the outside of the membrane.
c. uses a carrier protein and chemical energy.
d. is present in the plasma membrane.
e. All of these are correct.

Definition Definition Study of chemical reactions that result in the production of electrical energy. Electrochemistry focuses particularly on how chemical energy is converted into electrical energy and vice-versa. This energy is used in various kinds of cells, batteries, and appliances. Most electrochemical reactions involve oxidation and reduction.

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