The ideal gas law relates the pressure P, volume V, absolute temperature T, and amount of gas n. The law is P = nRT/ V where R is the gas constant. An engineer must design a large natural gas storage tank to be expandable to maintain the pressure constant at 2.2 atm. In December when the temperature is 4°F (- 15°C), the volume of gas in the tank is 28 500 ft3 . What will the volume of the same quantity of gas be in July when the temperature is 88°F (31°C)? (Hint: Use the fact that n, R, and P  are constant in this problem. Note also that K =°C +273.2.)

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Properties of Pure Substances

A substance with fixed chemical composition throughout is called a pure substance like water, air, and nitrogen. A pure substance does not have to be a single element or compound. A mixture of two or more phases of a pure substance is also a pure substance as long as the chemical composition is the same for all phases. These substances mainly have a constant/ uniform composition. The substances also have fixed boiling and melting points. A pure substance takes part in a chemical reaction to form predictable products.