There are two identical firms, and the inverse demand function is given by P(q1, 42) 19 – (41 + 92). Firms have constant marginal cost, but any firm operating in this market (that s, q; > 0) must pay a license fee F. In particular, firm i's cost function is a(m) = { if qi = 0 F+ qi if qi > 0. (a) Derive the firms' best response functions. (b) For what values of F, if any, will there be a symmetric (pure) Nash equilibrium in which firms produce a positive quantity? What is the Nash equilibrium in that case? (c) For what values of F, if any, will both firms shutting down be the Sy anmetric (pure) Nash equilibrium?
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- Consider the following model of Cournot competition with fixed cost. There are two identical firms, and the inverse demand function is given byP(q1,q2) = 19−(q1 +q2). Firms have constant marginal cost, but any firm operating in this market (that is, qi > 0) must pay a license fee F . In particular, firm i’s cost function is ( attached below ) a) Derive the firms’ best response functions. (b) For what values of F, if any, will there be a symmetric (pure) Nash equilibrium in which firms produce a positive quantity? What is the Nash equilibrium in that case? (c) For what values of F, if any, will both firms shutting down be the symmetric (pure) Nash equilibrium?Two firms compete in a market to sell a homogeneous product with inverse demand function P = 1,500 – 10Q. Each firm produces at a constant marginal cost of RM20 and has no fixed costs. Use this information to compare the output levels and profits in settings characterized by Cournot, Stackelberg and Bertrand.The market demand and supply function for Pizza in New Town were: Qd = 10,000 – 100P Qs = - 2,000 + 100P A. Determine the equilibrium price and quantity of the Pizza. B. Plot the market and demand curves, label the equilibrium point E, and draw the demand curve faced by a single Pizza shop in this market on the assumption that the market is perfectly competitive. Show also the marginal revenue of the firm on the figure. C. If the total cost function of the firm is TC = 500 + 2Q + Q2, determine the price-quantity combination that will maximize the firm’s profit. D. Determine the profit. What adjustments should be anticipated in the long run?
- The market for a standard-sized cardboard container consists of two firms: CompositeBox and Fiberboard. As the manager of CompositeBox, you enjoy a patented technology that permits your company to produce boxes faster and at a lower cost than Fiberboard. You use this advantage to be the first to choose its profit-maximizing output level in the market. The inverse demand function for boxes is P = 1,200 − 6Q, CompositeBox’s costs are CC(QC) = 60QC, and Fiberboard’s costs are CF(QF) = 120QF. Ignoring antitrust considerations, would it be profitable for your firm to merge with Fiberboard? If not, explain why not; if so, put together an offer that would permit you to profitably complete the mergerSuppose the Boston to Philadelphia airline route is serviced by three airlines – US Airways (Firm A) and JetBlue (Firm B) and Continental (Firm C). The demand for airline travel between these two cities is Q = 150 – p. The cost function is C(Q) = 30Q. The cost function is the same for all three airlines. Assume that the three airlines are making investments in airline capacity. In other words, they are simultaneously choosing quantity. (Cournot Competition) Derive US Airways’ residual demand function given JetBlue’s output, qB, and Continental’s output, qC. What is the Marginal Revenue for US Airways? Derive US Airways reaction function Derive the market equilibrium quantity, Q*, price, p*, and Profit.Consider the following market demand function: Q= 20-2P, where P is the market price. Suppose there are two firms- A,B in the market and they have the same cost function: the per unit cost of producing output is 4. The firms compete by choosing quantities. Find the reaction functions for both the firms if they are maximizing profits. What is the profit maximizing output for each firm and corresponding market price? If there was only one firm in the market how would your answer change?
- Consider an industry with with two, price-taking firms, the firms face an (inverse) demand function: Pb = 215 - 3 Qb. The marginal cost for firm 1 is given by mc1 = 8 Q. The marginal cost for firm 2 is given by mc2 = 3 Q. How much will the industry produce ?please solve the question completely. Suppose an industry consists of two firms that compete in prices. Each firm produces one product. The demand for each product is as follows: q1 = 25 - 5p1 + 2p2 q2 = 25 - 5p2 + 2p1 The cost functions are C(qi) = 2 + qi for i = 1; 2. (a) Are the products produced by these firms homogenous or differentiated? (b) Find the best response function for each rm. (c) How does the price firm 1 sets change with its belief about the price of its competitor\'s product? (d) What are the Nash equilibrium prices? (e) What is the percentage markup of price over marginal cost here (this is called the Lerner index)? Do the firms have market power? Why does the Bertrand paradox of zero variable duopoly profits apply here? (f) Suppose the firms merged. What is the new price of products 1 and 2? (g) Explain intuitively why the price is higher under monopoly than under Bertrand duopoly? (h) Are total monopoly profits higher or lower than the sum of Bertrand duopoly…An industry contains two firms producing homogenous goods, one whose costfunction is C(Q1) = 30Q1 and another whose cost function is C(Q2) = 30Q2. The demandfunction for the market is given by:P = 65 - QT where QT = Q1 + Q2. a. Assuming firms are choosing quantities according to the Cournot model, what iseach firm’s reaction function?b. Graph each firm’s reaction curve (on same graph).c. How much does each firm produce in the Nash equilibrium of Cournot's model?
- You are the manager of a firm that produces products X and Y at zero cost. You know that different types of consumers value your two products differently, but you are unable to identify these consumers individually at the time of the sale. In particular, you know there are three types of consumers (1,000 of each type) with the following valuations for the two products: a. What are your firm’s profits if you charge $40 for product X and $60 for product Y? b. What are your profits if you charge $90 for product X and $160 for product Y? c. What are your profits if you charge $150 for a bundle containing one unit of product X and one unit of product Y? d. What are your firm’s profits if you charge $210 for a bundle containing one unit of X and one unit of Y, but also sell the products individually at a price of $90 for product X and $160 for product Y?JointJuice produces a prepackaged joint support supplement for relief of joint pain with 180 tablets per bottle and operates in a perfectly competitive market. Basically, all the firms in this competitive market have technologies (production and cost conditions) that are the same as JointJuice’s. Suppose JointJuice’s total cost function is given by the following where q is JointJuice’s quantity of packages per day: C(q) = 250 + 6q + 0.1q^2 The market demand function for the output in this market is given by: Q = 1848 - 2P If there are 20 identical firms in this industry, find the market equilibrium price for the prepackaged supplements. Calculate JointJuice’s optimal output level and profits given the market price for the product. If JointJuice is typical of the firms in this industry calculate the firm’s long-run equilibrium output, price, and profit level. Suppose the situation changes. JointJuice has its plant in Portland Oregon. The local government passes a new tax on…Consider a market with only two firms. The firms operate in a Stackelberg type market where Firm 1 is the follower & Firm 2 is the leader. The market inverse demand function is: P = 120 – 2Q, where Q = q1 + q2. Each firm has a similar cost structure with a marginal cost; MC = 12, though each have different fixed costs; FC1 = 50 & FC2 = 80. Answer the following questions: a. If both firms wish to compete, what is the optimal quantity for each firm (qi) and the market price? b. What are the profits for each firm from the strategy in part a? c. If both firms choose to collude and not directly compete, what is the new price, quantity, and profits for each firm?