Tim and Alyssa Espinosa live in Dallas and enjoy going out to fancy restaurants for dinner and to diners for breakfast. On the following diagram, the purple curves ₁ and 12 represent two of their indifference curves' for fancy dinners and diner breakfasts. They have $800 per month available to spend on eating out. The price of a diner breakfast is always $10. Each labeled point represents the tangency between a budget constraint and the corresponding indifference curve.
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- Ethan has $17 per week in his food budget. He splits his choices between pizzas and hot dogs. Each slice of pizza costs $2 while each hot dog costs $3. The total utility (TU) from each of these choices is set out in the table below. Marginal utility for pizza and hotdog (MU/$) for TU MU MU pizza hotdog Units TU pizza pizza hotdog 1 10 5 2 18 9 3 20 12 4 22 15 5 23 17 1. Complete the table calculating marginal utility (MU) and marginal utility per dollar (MU/$) for both choices. Remember to show your work for at least one unit! 2. What is Ethan's utility maximizing choice? Justify your answer by showing your work! HINT: use the budget constraint equation to show the optimal choice! (MU/$) for hotdogSuppose Kate has a weekly budget of $24 to spend on seltzer water and peanut butter. Seltzer water is priced at $2 per case, and peanut butter is priced at $6 per jar. If Kate spends her entire $24 on seltzer water, she can buy jars of peanut butter. Use the blue line (circle symbol) to plot Kate's budget constraint on the following graph. Next, use the orange point (square symbol) to shade the area that represents combinations of seltzer water and peanut butter that are affordable for Kate. Finally, place the black point (plus symbol) on the point on Kate's budget constraint that corresponds to a scenario in which Kate spends $12 on each good. Note: Dashed drop lines will automatically extend to both axes. PEANUT BUTTER (Jars) 24 22 20 18 16 14 10 4 2 0 0 + 2 + 6 8 10 12 14 16 SELTZER WATER (Cases) 18 cases of seltzer water. If she spends her entire $24 on peanut butter, she can buy 20 22 24 O BC, ($24) 0 Affordable Region + $12 on Each BC₂ ($48) (?)9. Income and substitution effects Sean and Yvette Durand live in Edmonton and enjoy going out to fancy restaurants for dinner and to diners for breakfast. On the following diagram, the purple curves I1 and 12 represent two of their indifference curves for fancy dinners and diner breakfasts. They have $800 per month available to spend on eating out. The price of a diner breakfast is always $10. Each labelled point represents the tangency between a budget constraint and the corresponding indifference curve. DINER BREAKFASTS 48 40 26 BC 0 2 5 10 Z H BC FANCY DINNERS (?) The initial budget constraint (BC₁) shows the Durands' budget constraint when the price of a fancy dinner is $160. At this price, Sean and Yvette would choose to consume two fancy dinners. Suppose that the price of a fancy dinner decreases to $40, shifting their budget constraint to BC2, which represents a new relative price of four diner breakfasts per fancy dinner. (Hint: The blue line labelled H is parallel to BC2 and…
- Raymond consumes meatloaves and pineapples. He has decided that his monthly budget will be $1500. Suppose that one meatloaf costs $375, while one pineapple costs $150. What is the expression for Raymond’s budget constraint? Draw a graph of Raymond’s budget line (meatloaf on the y axis). Show how Raymond’s budget line changes if the price of pineapples increases to $370. Suppose Raymond decides to cut his monthly budget in half. Coincidentally, the next time he shops, he learns that meatloaves and pineapples are on sale for half price. Show what happens to Raymond’s budget line?Farah has $100 to spend each month on bread and chicken. Suppose the price of bread is $4 a loaf and the price of chicken is $5 per pound. Draw her budget constraint and label it BC0. Put bread on the horizontal axis and chicken on the vertical axis. Be sure to identify the intercept values. Suppose Farah is a utility maximizer and she consumes 10 loaves of bread and 12 pounds of chicken. On the same graph you drew in part (a), draw an indifference curve to identify her optimal bundle. Label this bundle "E." Is her budget exhausted? Verify your answer. Now suppose Farah's income falls so that she can now devote only $80 to the two goods. Prices however remain unchanged. In the same diagram, graph her new budget constraint and label it BC1. Be sure to identify any new intercept values. Following the change in income, can Farah consume the same bundle "E"? Explain your answer. What must happen to her total utility following the decrease in her income?Centa spends $56 a month at allthemovies.com on film-noir (FN) and sci‑fi (SF) movies, which typically cost $14 each. The first graph shows her budget constraint and her optimal consumption at point A. This month, SF movies are on sale for $7. On the first graph, draw the new budget constraint by moving one or both endpoints of the original budget constraint. Points B, C, D, and E indicate possible consumption bundles. Assume that FN movies are still $14 each. Budget Constraint and Optimal ConsumptionQuantity of FN moviesQuantity of SF movies012345678910012345678910BCBCDEA On the second graph, draw Centa's individual demand curve for SF movies from a price of $14 to a price of $7. Do not continue the line past these points to the axes. Individual Demand for SF MoviesPrice of SF moviesQuantity of SF movies01234567891001234567891011121314demand As with Centa's demand for SF movies, the law of demand states that price and quantity demanded are not correlated. perfect…
- Paolo enjoys consuming both soda and coffee. Each can of soda costs Ps = $1, and each cup of coffee costs Pc = $2. Suppose that Paolo buys 75 cans of soda and 50 cups of coffee per month. The following graphs show his marginal utility curves for soda and coffee. At his current consumption level, Paolo's marginal utility from consuming the last can of soda he bought is MUS = 12 utils per can, and his marginal utility from consuming the last cup of coffee he bought is MUC = 12 utils per cup. 24 20 20 16 25 50 75 100 125 150 25 50 75 100 125 150 SODA (Cans) COFFEE (Cups) Is Paolo currently maximizing his utility? O No; he likes coffee and soda more than other goods, so he should buy more of both. O No; he could buy less soda and more coffee, not spend any more money, and be better off. O Yes; the marginal utility he receives from his last can of soda equals that of his last cup of coffee. O No; he could buy more soda and less coffee, not spend any more money, and be better off. MU OF SODA…The budget set, or budget constraint, in the graph shows the possible combinations of brownies and ice cream cones that can be purchased. Assume that this person has a total of $18 to spend on brownies and ice cream cones. How much does a brownie cost? $ Assume that at point A, the marginal utility from a brownie is 10 and the marginal utility for an ice cream cone is 18. This person should consume more brownies and fewer ice cream cones. is utility maximizing. should consume more ice cream cones and fewer brownies.Kai’s current marginal utility from consuming orange juice is 50 utils per ounce and her marginal utility from consuming coffee is 50 utils per ounce. If orange juice costs $0.25 per ounce and coffee costs $0.20 per ounce, is Kai maximizing her total utility from the two beverages? Instructions: Enter your responses as whole numbers. At her current level of consumption, Kai receives: utils per dollar spent on orange juice.At her current level of consumption, Kai receives: utils per dollar spent on coffee.Therefore, Kai maximizing her total utility because MUoj/Poj is MUc/Pc. Kai’s current marginal utility from consuming orange juice is 50 utils per ounce and her marginal utility from consuming coffee is 50 utils per ounce. If orange juice costs $0.25 per ounce and coffee costs $0.20 per ounce, is Kai maximizing her total utility from the two beverages? Enter your responses as whole numbers. At her current level of consumption, Kai receives: utils per dollar…
- The marginal utility for shoes and coffee is given below for five individuals. A pair of shoes costs $2, and a cup of coffee costs $1. Which of these consumers are optimizing over their choices? Explain For those who are not, how should they adjust their spending? Explain “Pasta is Miguel’s favorite meal therefore the law of diminishing marginal utility does not apply”. Do you agree with this statement? It is known that the indifference curve is convex. What does this tell you about the relationship between the goods? The income effect and the substitution effect work in the same direction for a normal good. Explain how this differs for an inferior good.Rohan’s current marginal utility from consuming peanuts is 100 utils per ounce and his marginal utility from consuming cashews is 200 utils per ounce. If peanuts cost $0.10 per ounce and cashews cost $0.50 per ounce, is Rohan maximizing his total utility from the kinds of nuts? Instructions: Enter your responses as whole numbers. At the current level of peanut consumption, Rohan receives: utils per dollar.At the current level of cashew consumption, Rohan receives: utils per dollar.Therefore, Rohan maximizing his total utility because MUp/Pp is MUc/Pc.9. Income and substitution effects Rajiv and Simone are two friends living in Denver who love to try different restaurants in their city, but have specific preferences regarding venues for certain meals. In particular, they like to eat out at upscale gastropubs for dinner and diners for brunch. On the following diagram, the purple curves 1₁ and 12 represent two of their indifference curves for upscale dinners and diner brunches. Assume that the friends have a monthly budget of $1,000 available to spend on going out to eat, and further, that the price of diner brunch always $10. Each labeled point represents tangency between a budget constraint and the corresponding indifference curve. DINER BRUNCHES 0 0 5 6 N | M BC, UPSCALE DINNERS H BC₂ (?