Transformation is the process where bacteria take up a plasmid from the surrounding and then express the genes into proteins. Scientists only want the genes expressed at certain times, so they control the expression using the operon system. The arabinose operon is the classic system they use to control when the genes are to be expressed by the bacteria. Arabinose is a sugar that can be added to the agar plate that will turn on the operon. If arabinose is NOT present, no genes are expressed. A. What type of operon system is this? ____(negative controlled or positive) Explain _____ B. What type of gene regulation is this____ (inducible or irrepressible) Explain: ____

Transformation is the process where bacteria take up a plasmid from the surrounding and then express the genes into proteins. Scientists only want the genes expressed at certain times, so they control the expression using the operon system. The arabinose operon is the classic system they use to control when the genes are to be expressed by the bacteria. Arabinose is a sugar that can be added to the agar plate that will turn on the operon. If arabinose is NOT present, no genes are expressed. A. What type of operon system is this? __(negative controlled or positive) Explain _ B. What type of gene regulation is this (inducible or irrepressible) Explain: __

Biology (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781337392938

Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Publisher:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Chapter14: Gene Regulation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 2TYU

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Which of the following describes the lac operon in E. coli when lactose and glucose is present in the culture medium? Select one: a. CAP inactive and RNA polymerase does not completely bind to the promoter of the lac operon and transcription of lactose-metabolizing enzymes decreases. b. CAP is active and RNA polymerase binds completely to the promoter of the lac operon and transcription of lactose-metabolizing enzymes decreases. c. Catabolite activator protein (CAP) inactive and RNA polymerase does not completely bind to the promoter of the lac operon and transcription of lactose-metabolizing enzymes increases. d. CAP is active and RNA polymerase binds completely to the promoter of the lac operon and transcription of lactose-metabolizing enzymes increases.
When lactose is first introduced into the medium, the lac operon is not induced and thus permease isn't induced. How is it possible for lactose to enter the cell before the lac operon is induced? While the lac operon is not induced yet, lactose has many different ways to get into the cells without the need of permease. While the lac operon is not induced yet, lactose breaks down outside the cell into smaller components in order to get into the cell and then the components reassemble into lactose again inside the cell so that the induction can occur. While the lac operon is not induced yet, there is always a very high level of permease and beta galactosidase in the cell. While the lac operon is not induced yet, there is full level expression most of the time which allows a sufficient amount of permease to be expressed. This allows lactose to enter the cell. While the lac operon is not induced yet, there is low level expression most of the time which…
In the lac operon, the lacZ gene codes for an enzyme called ____________, which catalyze the breakdown of the sugar __________ into monosaccharides. This enzyme can also hydrolyze the sugar analog ____________, which produces blue pigments following its breakdown. Since the lac operon is not always on the bacterial cells, we add the chemical ________ which prevents the lac depressor from binding to the operators, leading to constitutive expression of the operon.
According to the operon model, for the synthesis of an inducible enzyme to occur, the end-product must not be in excess an inducer must bind to the enzyme an inducer must bind to the repressor repressor must bind to the operator repressor must not be synthesized
In the absence of tryptophan and the promoter sequence was mutated such that the RNA polymerase can no longer bind, the structural genes will:[ Select ] ["No longer be expressed", "Be constantly expressed", "Be deleted from the operon"] In the presence of tryptophan and the promoter sequence was mutated such that the RNA polymerase can no longer bind, the structural genes will:[ Select ] ["No longer be expressed", "Be constantly expressed", "Be deleted from the operon"]
The lac operon produces enzymes that allow the bacteria E. coli to metabolize lactose, it is in an inducable operon. When lactose is present, will the repressor protein attach or leave the operon? How would this effect the production of lactose producing enzymes?
In the presence of lactose and the promoter sequence was mutated such that the RNA polymerase can no longer bind, the structural genes will:[ Select ] ["No longer be expressed", "Be constantly expressed", "Be deleted from the operon"] In the absence of lactose and the lacI repressor gene is mutated such that the repressor protein product can no longer bind to the operator, the structural genes will: [ Select ] ["No longer be expressed", "Be constantly expressed", "Be deleted from the operon"] In the presence of lactose and the lacI repressor gene is mutated such that the repressor protein product can no longer bind to the operator, the structural genes will: [ Select ] ["No longer be expressed", "Be constantly expressed", "Be deleted from the operon"]
Which of the following is true about the Lac operon? Group of answer choices An operon with a constitutive operator (O^C mutation) will transcribe in the presence of a super repressor It is a positive repressible operon that is influenced mainly by fluctuations in glucose levels Produces a large quantity of tryptophan in order to synthesize lactase It is found in eukaryotes and is responsible for creating an enzyme that breaks down lactose
Study the illustration of the lac operon below. Normally, the genes are switched off when lactose is not present. Lactose activates the genes, which code for enzymes that allow the cell to use lactose. Mutations can alter the functions of this operon. Predict how the following mutations would affect the function of the operon the absence and presence of lactose. Mutation of regulatory gene; repressor will not bind to lactose. Mutation of operator; repressor will not bind to operator. Mutation of regulatory gene; repressor will not bind to operator. Mutation of promoter; RNAP will not attach to promoter.
All the following are characteristics of inducible operons except they are normally inactive they involve a repressor they are often involved in anabolic pathways they are active in the presence of an inducer they are a way for bacterial cells to conserve energy
A mutation at the operator prevents the regulator protein from binding. What effect will this mutation have in the following types of operons? a. Regulator protein is a repressor of a repressible operon. b. Regulator protein is a repressor of an inducible operon.
In the presence of tryptophan and the promoter sequence was mutated such that the RNA polymerase can no longer bind, the structural genes will:[ Select ] ["No longer be expressed", "Be constantly expressed", "Be deleted from the operon"] In the absence of tryptophan and the trpR repressor gene is mutated such that the repressor protein product can no longer bind to the operator, the structural genes will:[ Select ] ["No longer be expressed", "Be constantly expressed", "Be deleted from the operon"] In the presence of tryptophan and the trpR repressor gene is mutated such that the repressor protein product can no longer bind to the operator, the structural genes will:[ Select ] ["No longer be expressed", "Be constantly expressed", "Be constantly expressed"]