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Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is an important water softening compound. The production of TSP is carried out in a two-step process. Na₂CO3(s) + H₂PO4 (aq) → Na₂HPO4(aq) + H₂O(1) + CO₂(g) Na₂HPO4 (aq) + NaOH(s) → Na3PO4 (aq) + H₂O(1) In the first step, a dilute phosphoric acid containing 1.25%H₂PO4 is neutralized by reacting with a stoichiometric quantity of powdered dry soda ash to form a solution of disodium phosphate. In the second step, the neutralization is completed by the addition of sufficient solid caustic soda to produce a solution of TSP. The hydrated salt of trisodium phosphate (Na3PO4 - 12H₂O) is produced from the solution by evaporation and subsequent crystallization. For a basis of 1000 kg of dilute phosphoric acid, calculate (a) The maximum weight of TSP that can be produced assuming 100% yield in both the reactions (b) The volume of CO₂ at 310 K and 100kPa saturated with water vapour given that the vapour pressure of water at 310 K is 6.27kPa

Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is an important water softening compound. The production of TSP is carried out in a two-step process. Na₂CO3(s) + H₂PO4 (aq) → Na₂HPO4(aq) + H₂O(1) + CO₂(g) Na₂HPO4 (aq) + NaOH(s) → Na3PO4 (aq) + H₂O(1) In the first step, a dilute phosphoric acid containing 1.25%H₂PO4 is neutralized by reacting with a stoichiometric quantity of powdered dry soda ash to form a solution of disodium phosphate. In the second step, the neutralization is completed by the addition of sufficient solid caustic soda to produce a solution of TSP. The hydrated salt of trisodium phosphate (Na3PO4 - 12H₂O) is produced from the solution by evaporation and subsequent crystallization. For a basis of 1000 kg of dilute phosphoric acid, calculate (a) The maximum weight of TSP that can be produced assuming 100% yield in both the reactions (b) The volume of CO₂ at 310 K and 100kPa saturated with water vapour given that the vapour pressure of water at 310 K is 6.27kPa

Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
8th Edition
ISBN:9781259696527
Author:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Publisher:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Chapter1: Introduction
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1.1P
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Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is an important water softening compound. The production of TSP is carried out in a two-step process. Na₂CO3(s) + H₂PO4 (aq) → Na₂HPO4 (aq) + H₂O(1) + CO₂(g) Na₂HPO4 (aq) + NaOH(s) → Na3PO4 (aq) + H₂O(1) In the first step, a dilute phosphoric acid containing 1.25%H₂PO4 is neutralized by reacting with a stoichiometric quantity of powdered dry soda ash to form a solution of disodium phosphate. In the second step, the neutralization is completed by the addition of sufficient solid caustic soda to produce a solution of TSP. The hydrated salt of trisodium phosphate (Na3PO4 - 12H₂O) is produced from the solution by evaporation and subsequent crystallization. For a basis of 1000 kg of dilute phosphoric acid, calculate (a) The maximum weight of TSP that can be produced assuming 100% yield in both the reactions (b) The volume of CO₂ at 310 K and 100kPa saturated with water vapour given that the vapour pressure of water at 310 K is 6.27kPa
Transcribed Image Text:Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is an important water softening compound. The production of TSP is carried out in a two-step process. Na₂CO3(s) + H₂PO4 (aq) → Na₂HPO4 (aq) + H₂O(1) + CO₂(g) Na₂HPO4 (aq) + NaOH(s) → Na3PO4 (aq) + H₂O(1) In the first step, a dilute phosphoric acid containing 1.25%H₂PO4 is neutralized by reacting with a stoichiometric quantity of powdered dry soda ash to form a solution of disodium phosphate. In the second step, the neutralization is completed by the addition of sufficient solid caustic soda to produce a solution of TSP. The hydrated salt of trisodium phosphate (Na3PO4 - 12H₂O) is produced from the solution by evaporation and subsequent crystallization. For a basis of 1000 kg of dilute phosphoric acid, calculate (a) The maximum weight of TSP that can be produced assuming 100% yield in both the reactions (b) The volume of CO₂ at 310 K and 100kPa saturated with water vapour given that the vapour pressure of water at 310 K is 6.27kPa
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