Users of commodities are: Answer a. Usually not participants in futures contracts. b. Speculators preferring to get the large returns which result from large risk. c. Buyers of futures d. Likely to take the short position in a futures contract.
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Users of commodities are:
Answer
a. Usually not participants in futures contracts.
b. Speculators preferring to get the large returns which result from large risk.
c. Buyers of futures
d. Likely to take the short position in a futures contract.
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- The futures market is referred to as an auction market, whereby producers and suppliers of commodities endeavour to avoid market volatility; in other words, producers and suppliers negotiate contracts with an investor who agrees to take on probable risk and reward, based on the expected volatility of the market. Critically discuss the theoretical concept of futures contracts as a risk management tool, used by any would be investor to decrease future risk exposure or market volatility. What were the main reasons for this fall into the negative realm? Critically discuss. After May 2020, what are the prospects of futures contracts as a significant risk management tool for firms? Discuss critically.Which is a key difference a manager should note in choosing between forward and futures contracts?a. Exchange trading makes forward contracts more liquid.b. Futures contracts carry standardized terms, while forward contracts can be tailored to meet specific needs.c. Futures contracts have greater default risk than forward contracts.d. Forward contracts require initial margin deposits and daily marking to market, while futures do not.The ability to buy on margin is one advantage of futures. Another is the ease with which one can alter one’s holdings of the asset. This is especially important if one is dealing in commodities, for which the futures market is far more liquid than the spot market.
- Which of the following best describes the terms 'long position' and 'short position' in trading? A long position means expecting the asset's price to rise, and a short position means expecting it to fall. A short position is when a trader borrows an asset to sell, hoping to buy it back at a lower price, while a long position is when a trader buys an asset expecting its price to rise. A long position is when a trader sells an asset immediately, while a short position is holding it for a longer period. A long position indicates selling an asset, while a short position indicates buying it.Determine which of the following is NOT a distinguishing characteristic of futures contracts, relative to forward contracts. Question * A. Contracts are settled daily, and marked-to-market. B. Contracts are more liquid, as one can offset an obligation by taking the opposite position. C. Contracts are more customized to suit the buyer’s needs. D. Contracts are structured to minimize the effects of credit risk. E. Contracts have price limits, beyond which trading may be temporarily halted.In the futures markets, arbitrageurs are mainly interested in: a. reducing their exposure to risk of price changes. b. increasing market liquidity. c. reducing the spread between the bid and ask prices on bonds. d. attempting to make a profit by taking advantage of price differentials between different markets.
- Which of the following is a reason why the default risk of a futures contract is assumed to be less than that of a forward contract? a. Forward contracts can be tailored, while future contracts are non-standardized. b. Forward contracts are classified as exotic derivatives. c. Futures contracts are exchange-traded contracts, daily settlements are implemented by the clearing house. d. More flexibility as the buyer can decide whether or not to exercise the contract at maturity. e. For futures contracts, all cash flows are required to be paid at one time on contract maturity.Organized exchanges offer important advantages like (a) mitigating credit risk and (b) providing liquidity. But they have the following market imperfections: 1. Open interest in futures contracts declines for longer maturities; so, for liquidity reasons, you may be unable to hedge longer deliveries using longer maturity futures contracts. Explain briefly how you would overcome these market imperfections.Basis risk refers to the risk: a. associated with unanticipated price movements on the underlying asset. b. of default on the futures contract. c. associated with anticipated price movements in the cash market. d. from a change in the spread between the price on the commodity or financial security in the physical market and the price of the related futures contract.
- Consider the following two scenarios whereby the cost-of-carry model is violated. You are required to select appropriate missing words and fill in question 1. a. long b. spot c. over priced d. short arbitrage e. under priced f. long arbitrage g. futures h. short Question 1 a. If ft >S0 (1 + rf - d)^t, then the( ) is ( )relative to ( ) or equivalently, the quoted futures price is higher than what it should be. Thus, the correct arbitrage strategy should be: ( ) the futures contract and ( )the spot market. This strategy is also known as ( ). b. If ft <S0 (1 + rf - d)^t, then the( ) is ( )relative to ( ) or equivalently, the quoted futures price is lower than what it should be. Thus, the correct arbitrage strategy should be: ( ) the futures contract and ( )the spot market. This strategy is also known as ( ).Explain why speculating in derivatives, futures contracts and options is not appropriate for the typical, long-term investor. What would be this long-term investor's optimal investment instruments?The fact that the clearinghouse is the counterparty to every futures contract issued is important because it eliminates _________ risk. A. Market B. Basis C. Interest rate D. Credit