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Utilitarianism characterizes the moral approach taken by Ford in the infamous Pinto case study.
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- Rule utilitarianism looks only at moral rules of a particular action.True FalseWhich of the following is INCORRECT regarding the reasons why we continue to study the Malthusian trap, even though evidence shows that it is not currently relevant? (a)Because many people still believe it holds in poor countries today, and the model should be understood to motivate effective debate. (b)Because the model focuses on the microeconomics of family size decision making in which individual levels of living become the principal determinant of a family’s decision to have more or fewer children. (c)Because such traps have occurred in the past and may have been factors in population collapses. (d)The fact that this model no longer applies underlines the importance of factors that can prevent its emergence.Which of the following is an advantage of divine command theory? A.) Divine command theory focuses on what kind of person the agent is. B.) Divine command theory offers standards that originate outside of humanity. C.) Divine command theory is a relative moral theory. D.) Divine command theory allows for cultural differences.
- “In the Porter’s Five Forces model, the threat of substitute products refers to ______.”The president-elect of healthystate appointed you on top of a health transition team and requested a new health policy that will ensure equity, liberty, and minimize the cost of implementing it. In addition, the president-elect wants to minimize the role of the government under the new policy. With Moral hazard and adverse selection problems being the major challenges to any policy, design a plan that provides equity to the public, eliminate adverse selection problem, and combat moral hazard. In addition, identify parties that would be tasked with the implementation of the policy while minimizing the role of the government in the process.Indicate whether the statements below are TRUE or FALSE. Explanations not needed.
- The consequences of the public policymaking process are directly affected by the ethics of those who participate in it. The ethical principle of justice provides much of the foundation for all health policies, whether allocative or regulatory. Justice is often defined as fairness. Opinions vary on the issue of fair distribution of the benefits and burdens involved in the pursuit of health in American society. The three most prominent perspectives on justice are the egalitarian, libertarian, and utilitarian perspectives. Select one of these perspectives and provide an example of how it has been applied to health policy or how it has been proposed that it be applied to health policy.Indicate whether the statement is true or false, and justify your answer.The endowment effect leads to a stronger status quo bias, because trades are more likely to occur.True or false 1. A perceived disadvantage of Rawls's social justice theory is that it does not consider the fact that people would not want to maximize benefits for the least advantaged persons 2. Ethical relativism is a moral theory which holds that individuals must decide what is ethical based on their own feelings about what is right and wrong. 3. Utilitarianism is a moral theory that chooses the greatest good to society but does not mean the greatest good for the greatest number of people. 4. According to Rawls's “social justice” theory, a person who is in a state of "veil of ignorance" is best fit to select the fairest possible ethical principles. Please help, & thank you!
- The mayor of Green City is considering whether to institute a Covid vaccine mandate for public employees. The fire chief opposes vaccination, and has threatened to resign if a mandate is instituted. The mayor believes that instituting a mandate is critical to getting Covid under control, and thus not instituting the mandate would costs the city -50 utility. However, the fire chief is critical to maintaining public safety. If the fire chief resigns, it would cost the city 75 utility. The fire chief believes a mandate would be an invasion of his personal freedom, costing him 20 utility. The mandate only impacts the fire chief if he does not resign. However, resigning his job as fire chief would cost him 40 utility. Draw this game. Identify how many subgames it contains. Then, solve the game to find all subgame perfect Nash equilibria.Rational choice theory is an economic principle that assumes individuals always make prudent and logical decisions to maximize net benefit. True or falseWhich of the following statements is correct? a. Contingent commodities are goods delivered only if a particular state of the world occurs. b. The key insight offered by state-preference models is to reframe the study of behavior under uncertainty back into a problem of utility maximization subject to a budget constraint (standard choice-theoretic framework). c. Insurance markets are an example of markets for contingent claims. d. All of the above.