Water at 40 °C (density = 992.3 kg/m3 v = 0.664 × 10−6 m2/s) flows at a velocity of 2 m/s through a pipe with a diameter of 20 mm and a friction factor of f = 0.004. The water enters the pipe at point A (Figure Q2) into a bath shower mixer unit out of which, the water can exit through the spout via a gate valve (Figure Q2a) or through the showerhead (Figure Q2b). a. If the water exits through the spout (Figure Q2a) via a fully opened gate valve at B, with a diameter of 12 mm, determine the water pressure at point A. The minor loss coefficient is Kspout = 0.6 for the spout at B. Account for the minor loss in the elbow, the tee, and the gate valve. The gate valve at E is closed. b. If the water emerges through the showerhead (Figure Q2b, point C) that consists of 100 identical holes, each with a diameter of 1.5 mm. Determine the pressure of the water at A if the minor loss coefficient is Kshowerhead = 0.45 for the showerhead. The gate valve at B is closed. Account for the minor loss in the three elbows, the fully opened gate valve at E, and the tee. M1 = 1.110m M2 = 2.110m M3 = 0.905m
Water at 40 °C (density = 992.3 kg/m3 v = 0.664 × 10−6 m2/s) flows at a velocity of 2 m/s through a pipe with a diameter of 20 mm and a friction factor of f = 0.004. The water enters the pipe at point A (Figure Q2) into a bath shower mixer unit out of which, the water can exit through the spout via a gate valve (Figure Q2a) or through the showerhead (Figure Q2b).
a. If the water exits through the spout (Figure Q2a) via a fully opened gate valve at B, with a diameter of 12 mm, determine the water pressure at point A. The minor loss coefficient is Kspout = 0.6 for the spout at B. Account for the minor loss in the elbow, the tee, and the gate valve. The gate valve at E is closed.
b. If the water emerges through the showerhead (Figure Q2b, point C) that consists of 100 identical holes, each with a diameter of 1.5 mm. Determine the pressure of the water at A if the minor loss coefficient is Kshowerhead = 0.45 for the showerhead. The gate valve at B is closed. Account for the minor loss in the three elbows, the fully opened gate valve at E, and the tee.
M1 = 1.110m
M2 = 2.110m
M3 = 0.905m
Table of Loss Coeffcients
| Loss Coeffcients | KL |
| Gate Valve - Fully Open | 0.19 |
| 90° Bend | 0.9 |
| 45° Bend | 0.4 |
| Tee for Valve along Branch | 1.8 |
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why are the velocities Vb and Vc used for all the losses. For example the loss calculated for the 90 degree elbow in the first part of the question is calculated using the final velocity would the velocity Va not be better suited or even the average velocity?
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